1,1,1-Trichloroethane (synonym name: methyl chloroform), used as solvent is classified as harmful Xn and dangerous to the environment N, with following R-phrases and S-phrases

Each danger symbol must cover at least 1/10 of the surface area of the label. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm.

List of chemicals banned or severely restricted to certain uses owing to their effects on health and the environment in the countries of EU

The EU classification and labelling system used here as an example can be applied to dangerous substances and preparations. However, this system should not be applied to medical or veterinary products, cosmetics, munitions or explosives, pesticides specified elsewhere, waste and foodstuffs or animal feedstuffs in the finished stage. These have their own specifications and requirements for labelling.

Irritantsymbol

The hazard classification and labelling process is an essential tool for establishing an effective information transfer so that the degree of the hazard the chemical represents for man and the environment can be recognized, the correct preventive actions be chosen, and safe use achieved.

Corrosivehazard

The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of being noticed too as substances classified toxic.

Toluene is classified in International Chemical Safety Cards: See the Cards by CAS Number, in alphabetical order or by risk phrases.

The following properties present a hazard to the environment and are: toxic to living organisms persistent in the environment bioaccumulation Also substances and preparations that cannot be classified by using the above system may be regarded as dangerous if they have properties which are hazardous to health, to living organisms or if they can damage property. 4. How to pass on the information to users All chemicals, both substances and preparations, should have a clear marking to indicate their identity. The packages and containers of dangerous substances and preparations should, in addition to marking only, to have a label with required information. The label should draw attention to the inherent danger to persons handling or using the chemical. Symbols and pictograms have been established for each hazard category listed above. The symbol forms an integral part of the label and gives an immediate idea of the types of hazards that the substance or the preparation may cause. To specify the type of danger pertinent standard risk phrases should also be included in the label. Advice on the precautions necessary in the handling of chemicals are given with standard safety phrases also included in the label. 5. Where to find information about hazardous chemicals The chemical supplier, manufacturer or importer, should be able to provide detailed information and a Safety Data Sheet. In certain countries, such as those of the EU, the manufacturer or importer has the obligation to find and give adequate information about a chemical for assessment of the health and environmental hazards of his chemical for handling and for its labelling. Safety data sheets have been prepared on many dangerous substances and preparations by manufacturers. These should go together with the product to the occupational user. The information in these is not always validated or checked. On pure substances International Chemical Safety Cards are available. These contain validated basic information, which may be used also for preparing safety data sheets on chemical preparations or products. Lists of classified chemicals exist in national legislation and regulations which provide information on local requirements in the handling of dangerous chemicals. The information for classification, and labels, may be obtained from tests, from literature, from practical experience and from information requirements by international rules on the transport of dangerous substances and wastes. 6. How to classify for a label The label is the basic tool to keep the user informed on the classification and the most important safety precautions. This information must be given if the preparation contains at least one substance classified as dangerous to man or the environment or if the preparation is otherwise regarded as dangerous, for example it is flammable. In EU countries the label must clearly show the trade name the name and the address, including telephone number, of the manufacturer, the importer or the distributor the chemical name of the substance (in the case of a preparation, the chemical names of the hazardous components) danger symbols risk phrases (R-phrases) safety phrases (S-phrases) the quantity of the contents of the package or container The labels should be in the national, official language(s). The label should show the chemical names of substances that are primarily responsible for the hazards. As a general rule four chemical names on the label should be sufficient. In some cases, more than four names may be necessary; for example all cancer causing substances in the preparation must be identified and the corresponding R- and S-phrases presented on the label. If the preparation contains one or more of the substances requiring the following R-phrases, both the name of the substance and the R-phrase should be mentioned in the label: R33, R39, R40, R42, R43, R45, R46, R48, R49, R60, R61, R62, R63, R64 These risks phrases are related to carcinogenic, genetic, reproductive, sensitizing and irreversible health hazards. Four R-phrases and four S-phrases should suffice to describe the risks and to formulate the most appropriate safety advice. Symbols showing the most serious hazards should be chosen where more than one danger symbol has to be assigned. As a general rule a maximum of two danger symbols are used. The explanation of the letter symbols appearing in the attached lists are given below. Each letter symbol refers to a danger symbol or pictogram used in EU countries: Letter Symbol Explanation E explosive This symbol with the word 'explosive' denotes a substance which may explode under the effect of a flame or if subjected to shocks or friction. O oxidizing The symbol with the word 'oxidizing' refers to a substance which releases a lot of heat while it reacts with other substances, particularly flammable substances. F highly flammable This symbol with the words 'highly flammable' denotes a substance which may become hot and finally ignite in contact with air at ambient temperature or is a solid and may readily set on fire after brief contact with the source of ignition and which continues to burn/to be consumed by chemical reaction after removal of the source of ignition. If it is gas it may burn in air at normal pressure. In contact with water or damp air the substance may release highly flammable gases in dangerous quantities. F+ extremely flammable The same flammable symbol as above with words 'extremely flammable' denotes e.g. a liquid which would boil at body temperature and would ignite if vapours are exposed to a flame. T toxic The symbol with skull and crossed bones with the word 'toxic' denotes a highly hazardous substance. T+ very toxic The same symbol as above with the words 'very toxic' is used to label a substance, which, if inhaled or ingested or, if it penetrates the skin, may involve extremely serious immediate or long-term health risks and even death. C corrosive The symbol with the word 'corrosive' will be found on a label of a substance which may destroy living tissues on contact with them. Severe burns may result from splashes of such substance. Xn harmful (less than T) The symbol with word 'harmful' denotes to substances which may cause health hazards less than toxic. It could refer to other types of risks e.g. to allergic reactions. Xi irritant (less than C) The same symbol as above with the word 'irritant'. N dangerous for the environment   When more than one danger symbol is used the obligation to apply symbol T or T+ will make symbols C, Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol C will make symbols Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol E will make symbols F and O optional If a preparation is classified both harmful Xn and irritant Xi, it will be labelled harmful Xn, and the irritant properties should be pointed out with appropriate R-phrases. The total amount of the substance in the preparation has an effect in choosing the danger symbols, R- and S-phrases. (Annex 8) Generally, no account needs to be taken of substances if they are present in following amounts, unless another lower limit has been specifically given: less than 0.1% by weight for substances classified as very toxic T+, or toxic T less than 1% for substances classified as harmful Xn, corrosive C, irritant Xi, Information such as "non-toxic", "not harmful" should not be used in the labels. The pictorial symbol indicating danger is drawn in black and the background colour should be orange. The dimensions of the label:  Capacity of the package Minimum dimensions in millimeters Not exceeding three litres 52x74 more than three litres but not exceeding 50 litres 74x105 more than 50 litres but not exceeding 500 litres 105x148 more than 500 litres 148x210 Each danger symbol must cover at least 1/10 of the surface area of the label. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm. Example 1. Classification of a substance 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (synonym name: methyl chloroform), used as solvent is classified as harmful Xn and dangerous to the environment N, with following R-phrases and S-phrases R 20 Harmful by inhalation. R 59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. S 2 Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheets. The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of being noticed too as substances classified toxic. Example 2. Classification of a preparation: A preparation used for degreasing metal parts contains following dangerous components:  Dangerous substance % Symbol Risk phrases Safety phrases TrichloroethyleneXylene (flash point over 21oC) Ethanol 23 67 8 Xn Xn F 40-52/5310-20/21-38 11 (2-)23-36/37-61(2-)25 (2-)7-16 Preparation   Xn 10-20/21-38-40-52/53 (2-)23-25-36/37-61 Ethanol is present below the classification level. The R and S-phrases corresponding to the number codes are: R 10 Flammable. R 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 38 Irritating to skin. R 40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R 52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 23 Do not breathe vapour. S 25 Avoid contact with eyes. S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 61 Avoid the release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheet. 7. How to compile a label The name, symbol, the risk phrases of the classified substance and the phrases for safety precaution are in Annex 4. The key to have the symbol picture is in Annex 1. The key to have a sentence in words is for the risk phrases in Annex 2. and for the safety phrases in Annex 3. Toluene is classified in International Chemical Safety Cards: See the Cards by CAS Number, in alphabetical order or by risk phrases. Substance CAS number Symbol Risk phrase Safety phrase TOLUENE 108-88-3 F, Xn 11-20 (2-)16-25-29-33 TOLUENE Highly flammable Harmful by inhalation F Highly flammable Xn Harmful   Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Avoid contact with eyes. Do not empty into drains. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Name and address of the manufacturer, distributor or importer. HAZARD CATEGORIES OF SELECTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS  HAZARD CATEGORIES ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA PHYSICAL HAZARDS compressed gasflammable explosive oxidizing reactive corrosive (materials) - + + + + + + + + + + + n + + + + n n + + + + n + + + + + + HEALTH HAZARDS toxic (acute)*toxic (other) irritant corrosive (tissues) sensitizer carcinogen reproductive effects** mutagen + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + SPECIAL HAZARDS environmentradioactive infectious miscellaneous*** - - - - + + + + + n n n n n n n n n n n LEGEND: + : defined category n : defined under other legislation or code - : not defined * : includes oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity ** : includes reproductive and developmental toxicity *** : specific to UN RTDG; included in national transport legislation DEFINITIONS OF DATA COMPONENTS IN LABELS IN DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS COMPONENTS ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA FORMAT none defined size of labels varies with transport mode. Minimum label dimensions are defined for different package capacities; contrasted danger symbols and background (black on yellow background); language must be that of the country where the product is put on market. none defined 1. Supplier label:must appear on all controlled products received at work-places; required information must be set aside from sales information; surrounded by WHMIS border; must be printed in contrasting colours; must have all texts in English and French. 2. Workplace label: must appear on all products produced in a workplace or transferred to other containers by the employer; may appear in placard form on products received in bulk. DATA ELEMENTS 1. Trade name2. Chemical identity 3. Supplier identi- fication. 4. Hazard symbols 5. Risk phrases 6. Safety phrases 7. Batch identifica- tion. 8. Reference to ex- isting CSDS. 9. Hazard classifi- cation. not mandated.The UN RTDG label defines hazards by the use of symbols, colours and danger warning words for specific hazards (explosive, radioactive, corrosive, etc.). 1. Chemical identity2. Hazard symbol and indication of danger. 3. Risk phrases 4. Safety phrases 5. Supplier identification (full address and tel. No.). 6. EEC number if allocated 7. the wording "EEC label" where appropriate. 1. Chemical identity2. Supplier identi- fication 3. Appropriate hazard warnings. Employer must ensure that labels and other forms of warning are in English and may add other languages if appropriate. 1. Supplier label:-product identifier -supplier identification. -reference to existing CSDS. -hazard symbols; and for containers over 100 ml: -risk and safety phrases. -first aid measures 2. Workplace label: -product identifier -information for the safe handling of the products -reference to an existing CSDS. -may contain WHMIS hazard symbols or other pictograms. OTHER REQUIREMENTS Legibility, durability and size, uniformity of labels and symbols, including colours.In general, all containers of hazardous chemicals should at least indicate the hazards of the contents through appropriate wording or symbols. Placarding of transport units is defined, including form, minimum size and colour of placards.   ANSI Standard Z-129.1.1988 defines acceptable precautionary phrases and hazard symbols. Chemical name may be replaced by generic name or number in the case of products covered by provisions on exemption for confidential business information. ANNEX 1. Symbols and Indications of Danger Used in the Countries of EU E O Explosive Oxidizing F F+ Highly flammable Extremely flammable T T+ Toxic Very toxic Xn Xi Harmful Irritant C N Corrosive Dangerous for environment ANNEX 2. Risk Phrases Used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. Nature of Special Risks Attributed to Dangerous Substances and Preparations R1 Explosive when dry. R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds. R5 Heating may cause an explosion. R6 Explosive with or without contact with air. R7 May cause fire. R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material. R10 Flammable. R11 Highly flammable. R12 Extremely flammable. (R13 Extremely flammable liquified gas.) R14 Reacts violently with water. R15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases. R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances. R17 Spontaneously flammable in air. R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. R19 May form explosive peroxides. R20 Harmful by inhalation. R21 Harmful in contact with skin. R22 Harmful if swallowed. R23 Toxic by inhalation. R24 Toxic in contact with skin. R25 Toxic if swallowed. R26 Very toxic by inhalation. R27 Very toxic in contact with skin. R28 Very toxic if swallowed. R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gases. R30 Can become highly flammable in use. R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. R33 Danger of cumulative effects. R34 Causes burns. R35 Causes severe burns. R36 Irritating to eyes. R37 Irritating to respiratory system. R38 Irritating to skin. R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects. R40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes. R42 May cause sensitization by inhalation. R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact. R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. R45 May cause cancer. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage. (R47 May cause birth defects.) R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. R49 May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 Toxic to flora. R55 Toxic to fauna. R56 Toxic to soil organisms. R57 Toxic to bees. R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 May impair fertility. R61 May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility. R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed Combination of R-Phrases R14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating highly flammable gases. R15/29 Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas. R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/26/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation. R40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin. R40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed. R40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. ANNEX 3. Safety Phrases Concerning Dangerous Chemical Substances and Preparations used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. S1 Keep locked up. S2 Keep out of the reach of children. S3 Keep in a cool place. S4 Keep away from living quarters. S5 Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). S6 Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). S7 Keep container tightly closed. S8 Keep container dry. S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S12 Do not keep container sealed. S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. S14 Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S15 Keep away from heat. S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S17 Keep away from combustible material. S18 Handle and open container with care. S20 When using do not eat or drink. S21 When using do not smoke. S22 Do not breathe dust. S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S24 Avoid contact with skin. S25 Avoid contact with eyes. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29 Do not empty into drains. S30 Never add water to this product. S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. (S34 Avoid shock and friction.) S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S36 Wear suitable protective clothing. S37 Wear suitable gloves. S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. S39 Wear eye/face protection. S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S41 In case of fire and/or explosion, do not breathe fumes. S42 During fumigation/spraying, wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S43 In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk, add - Never use water). (S44 If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).) S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S48 Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). S49 Keep only in the original container. S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S51 Use only in well-ventilated areas. S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. (S54 Obtain the consent of pollution control authorities before discharging to wastewater treatment plants.) (S55 Treat using the best available techniques before discharge into drains or the aquatic environment.) S56 Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. S57 Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. (S58 To be disposed of as hazardous waste.) S59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. S62 If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.         Combination of S-Phrases     S1/2 Keep locked up and out of reach of children. S3/7 Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. (S3/9 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place.) (S3/7/9 Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.) S3/9/14 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S3/9/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. S3/9/14/49   S3/14 Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry. S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. S20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/39 Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S36/37/39   S47/49 Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S7/47 Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ...0C (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29/56 Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. ANNEX 4. List of Substances with Risk and Safety Phrases Used in the Countries of EU MEANING OF NOTES A - G Note A Where a substance is listed under a generic name (e.g. `...compounds' or `...salts') the correct chemical name should be stated on the label. For example for BeCl2: Beryllium chloride Note B Some substances (acids, bases, etc.) are placed on the market in aqueous solutions at various concentrations and therefore require different labelling since hazards vary at different concentrations. The entries with Note B have a general designation of the type `...% Nitric acid'. The actual concentration of the solution is stated on the label: `45% Nitric acid.Percentages always refer to weight ratio, unless otherwise stated. Additional data (e.g. specific gravity, Baumé values) or descriptions (e.g. glacial, fuming) are permitted. Note C Some organic substances may be in a specific isomeric form or as a mixture of isomers with a general designation. In this case the label states clearly whether the substance is a specific isomer or a mixture of isomers. For example `Xylene' is specified: `o-Xylene' or `Xylene, m Note D Some substances which polymerize readily or decompose spontaneously are normally placed on the market in a stabilized form. However, such substances are sometimes placed on the market in a non-stabilized form. This must be stated on the label with the name of the substance: Methacrylic acid (non-stabilized)'. Note E Substances with specific effects on human health (classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction) if they are also classified as `Very toxic (T+)', `Toxic (T)' or `Harmful (Xn)'. The word also shall precede the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28 when in a combination, for example:R45-23: May cause cancer. Also toxic by inhalation R46-27/28: May cause heritable genetic damage. Also very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. Note F The substance may contain a stabilizer. If the stabilizer changes the hazardous properties of the substance as listed, a label must be compiled in accordance with rules for the resulting hazardous preparations. Note G The substance may be marketed in an explosive form in which case it must be assessed using the appropriate test methods and the label should reflect its explosive property.   ANNEX 5. IARC List of Cancer Causing Chemicals WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER LISTS OF IARC EVALUATIONS ACCORDING TO IARC MONOGRAPHS IARC, Lyon 1993 `Occupational sources' column edited by IPCS, Geneva, 1993 Any comments related to the IARC Monographs should be sent to Dr. H. Vainio, Chief Unit of Carcinogen Identification and Evaluation, International Agency for Research on Cancer Address: 150 cours Albert Thomas 69372 Lyon Cedex 08 France Group 1 The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being probably carcinogenic to humans. Group 2B The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being possibly carcinogenic to humans. Group 1: CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Aflatoxins (1993)a 1402-68-2 Feedstuff contaminants, mycotoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl 92-67-1 Rubber manufacture Arsenic and arsenic compoundsb 7440-38-2 Drug, pesticide Asbestos 1332-21-4 Roofing, friction material Azathioprine 446-86-6 Drug Benzene 71-43-2 Solvent, raw material Benzidine 92-87-5 Raw material, impurity Beryllium and beryllium compoundsd 7440-41-7 Raw material, electronics industry N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (Chlornaphazine) 494-03-1 Drug Bis(chloromethyl)ether and 542-88-1 Laboratory chemical chloromethyl methyl ether (technical-grade) 107-30-2   1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Myleran) 55-98-1 Antineoplastic agent Cadmium and cadmium compoundsd 7440-43-9 Raw material Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Antineoplastic agent 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1- nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) 13909-09-6 Antineoplastic agent Chromium(VI) compounds (1990)   Pigment manufacturing Ciclosporin (1990) 79217-60-0 Drug Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Antineoplastic agent Diethylstilboestrol 56-53-1 Drug Erionite 66733-21-9 Natural mineral fibre Melphalan 148-82-3 Antineoplastic agent 8-Methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen) plus ultraviolet radiation 298-81-7 Dermatological drug MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents   Antineoplastic agents Mustard gas (Sulfur mustard) 505-60-2 War gas 2-Naphthylamine 91-59-8 Dye manufacturing Nickel compounds (1990)   Pigment, batteries, impurity Oestrogen replacement therapy   Hormones Oestrogens, nonsteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oestrogens, oesteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oral contraceptives, combinedc   Hormones Oral contraceptives, sequential   Hormones Radon and its decay products (1988) 10043-92-2 Mining Solar radiation (1992)     Talc containing asbest-form fibres   Extenders in paints and ceramic products Thiotepa (1990) 52-24-4 Antineoplastic agent Treosulfan 299-75-2 Antineoplastic agent Vinyl chloride (monomer) 75-01-4 Plastic industry Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Alcoholic beverages (1988)     Analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin   Drugs Betel quid with tobacco     Coal-tar pitches 65996-93-2 Raw material Coal-tars 8007-45-2 Drug, raw material Mineral oils, untreated and mildly treated   Use of crude oil distillates Salted fish (Chinese-style) (1993)     Shale-oils 68308-34-9   Soots     Tobacco products, smokeless     Tobacco smoke     Group 2 A: PROBABLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 Raw material Adriamycind 23214-92-8 Antineoplastic agent Androgenic (anabolic) steroids   Drugs Azacitidine (1990)d 320-67-2 Antineoplastic agent Benz[a]anthracened 56-55-3 Impurity Benzidine-based dyesd   Dyes Benzo[a]pyrened 50-32-8 Impurity Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) 154-93-8 Antineoplastic agent 1,3-Butadiene (1992) 106-9-90 Manufacture of synthetic rubber Captafol (1991)d 2425-06-1 Fungicides, pesticides /1.,pp.927-1616/ Chloramphenicol (1990)d 56-75-7 Antibiotics 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-     1-nitrosourea (CCNU)d 13010-47-4 Antineoplastic agent para-Chloro-ortho-toluidine and     its strong acid salts (1990)d 95-69-2 Synthesis of organic dyestuffs Chlorozotocin (1990)d 54749-90-5 Antineoplastic agent Cisplatind 15663-27-1 Antineoplastic agent Dibenz[a,h]anthracened 53-70-3 Coal-tar Diethyl sulfate (1992)d 64-67-5 Raw material, laboratories Dimethylcarbamoyl chlorided 79-44-7 Laboratories Dimethyl sulfated 77-78-1 Raw material, laboratories Epichlorohydrind 106-89-8 Epoxyresin products, raw material, laboratories Ethylene dibromided 106-93-4 Soil fumigant, leaded gasoline Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 Pesticide, intermediate N-Ethyl-N-nitrosouread 759-73-9 Laboratory synthesis of diazoethane Formaldehyde 50-00-0 Preservative, disinfectant, textile, wood/timber industry, raw material IQd (2-Amino-3-methylimid-     azo[4,5-f]-quinoline) (1993) 76180-96-6 Grilled fish and meat 5-Methoxypsoralend 484-20-8 Dermatological agent 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)     (MOCA) (1993)101-14-4   Polyurethane industry, curing agent N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)d 70-25-7 Laboratory agent N-Methyl-N-nitrosouread 684-93-5 Laboratory synthesis of diazomethane Nitrogen mustard 51-75-2 Basis for some antineoplastic agents N-Nitrosodiethylamined 55-18-5 Laboratories N-Nitrosodimethylamined 62-75-9 Laboratories, pollutant Phenacetin 62-44-2 Drug Procarbazine hydrochlorided 366-70-1 Antineoplastic agent Propylene oxided 75-56-9 Production of propylene glycol Silica, crystalline 14808-60-7 Ceramic industry Styrene oxide 96-09-3 Epoxy resin additive Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate 126-72-7   Ultraviolet radiation A (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation B (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation C (1992)d   Welding operation, laser Vinyl bromided 593-60-2 As an intermediate in organic synthesis, manufacture of polymers Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Creosotes 8001-58-9 Wood preservative for roofing Diesel engine exhaust (1989)     Hot mate (1991)   Beverage Non-arsenical insecticides, spraying and     Occupational exposures in application of (1991)     Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 1336-36-3 Limited application in capacitors Group 2B: POSSIBLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources A-a-C; (2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 26148-68-5 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 Manufacture of acetic acid and ethyl acetate Acetamide 60-35-5 As a solvent for organic compounds, plasticizer Acrylamide 79-06-1 Manufacture of acrylamide polymers AF-2;[2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide] 3688-53-7 Ex-food preservative Aflatoxin M1 (1993) 6795-23-9 Found in the milk cows fed toxic meals para-Aminoazobenzene 60-09-3 Dyes ortho-Aminoazotoluene 97-56-3 Dyes 2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 712-68-5 Drug Amitrole 61-82-5 Herbicide ortho-Anisidine 90-04-0 Laboratories Antimony trioxide (1989) 1309-64-4 Tartar emetic, paint pigment AramiteR 140-57-8 Pesticide Atrazine (1991) 1912-24-9 Herbicide Auramine (technical-grade) 492-80-8 Dye manufacture Azaserine 115-02-6 Antineoplastic agent Benzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 Impurity Benzo[j]fluoranthene 205-82-3 Impurity Benzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 Impurity Benzyl violet 4B 1694-09-3 Textile dye Bleomycinse 11056-06-7 Antineoplastic drug Bracken fern     Bromodichloromethane (1991) 75-27-4 Intermediate solvent Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) 25013-16-5 Food additive ß--Butyrolactone 3068-88-0 Laboratories Caffeic acid (1993) 331-39-5 Constituent of plants Carbon-black extracts   Manufacture of natural and synthetic rubber Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 Solvent, raw material Ceramic fibres (1988)   Use in manufacture of paper felts, furnace Chlordane (1991) 57-74-9 Pesticide Chlordecone (Kepone) 143-50-0 Pesticide Chlorendic acid (1990) 115-28-6 Chemical intermediate in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins a-Chlorinated toluenes   Intermediates para-Chloroaniline (1993) 106-47-8 Dye industry Chloroform 67-66-3 Solvent, raw material Chlorophenols   Fungicides, bactericides Chlorophenoxy herbicides   Herbicides 4-Chloro-ortho-phenylenediamine 95-83-0 Hair-dye component CI Acid Red 114 (1993) 6459-94-5 Dye CI Basic Red 9 (1993) 569-61-9 Dye CI Direct Blue 15 (1993) 2429-74-5 Dye Citrus Red No. 2 (CI 12156) 6358-53-8 Dye Cobalt and cobalt compounds (1991) 7440-48-4 Manufacture of magnets para-Cresidine 120-71-8 Dye manufacturing Cycasin 14901-08-7 Naturally occurring toxin, seeds, roots and leaves of cycad plants Dacarbazine 4342-03-4 Antineoplastic drug Dantron     (Chrysazin; 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) (1990) 117-10-2 Drug Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Antineoplastic agent DDT (para,para'-DDT) (1991) 50-29-3 Pesticide N,N'-Diacetylbenzidine 613-35-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminoanisole 615-05-4 Dye manufacturing, hair dye 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether 101-80-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95-80-7 Dye manufacturing, raw material, hair dye Dibenz[a,h]acridine 226-36-8 Pollutant Dibenz[a,j]acridine 224-42-0 Pollutant 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 194-59-2 Tobacco smoke Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene 192-65-4 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene 189-64-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 189-55-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene 191-30-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 Pesticide para-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 Fumigants, insecticides 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1 Raw material, dye manufacturing 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 28434-86-8 Dye, raw material 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 Solvent, raw material Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 75-09-2 Solvent 1,3-Dichloropropene (technical-grade) 542-75-6 Pesticides Dichlorvos (1991) 62-73-7 Pesticide Diepoxybutane 1464-53-5 Raw material, laboratories Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 Plastic industry 1,2-Diethylhydrazine 1615-80-1 Laboratory chemical Diglycidyl resorcinol ether 101-90-6 Epoxy resin, aircraft equipment industry Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Chemical intermediate for manufacture of piperonyl butoxide Diisopropyl sulfate (1992) 2973-10-6 Manufacturing of isopropanol 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (ortho-Dianisidine) 119-90-4 Dye, laboratories para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 60-11-7 Dye, laboratories trans-2-[(Dimethylamino)methylimino]-5-[2-(5-nitro-     2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole 25962-77-0 Limited usage as a pharmaceutical 2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine) (1993) 87-62-7 Synthesis of other chemicals 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine (ortho-Tolidine) 119-93-7 Dye, laboratories Dimethylformamide (1989) 68-12-2 Solvent for liquids and organic compounds 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 57-14-7 Rocket fuel formulations, chemical synthesis 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 540-73-8 Chemical intermediate 1,6-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-64-8 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,8-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-65-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 Raw material, solvent Disperse Blue 1 (1990) 2475-45-8 Dye, hair dye Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 As a component of solution for coating textiles, paper and leather Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 Raw material, laboratories, rubber industry Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Laboratories 2-(2-Formylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole 3570-75-0 No use Glasswool (1988)     Glu-P-1 (2-Amino-6-     methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-11-4 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glu-P-2 (2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-10-3 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glycidaldehyde 765-34-4 Acrolein metabolite Griseofulvin 126-07-8 Antibiotic drug, veterinary medicine HC Blue No. 1 (1993) 2784-94-3 Hair dye Heptachlor (1991) 76-44-8 Pesticide Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 Fungicide Hexachlorocyclohexanes   Pesticide Hexamethylphosphoramide 680-31-9 Solvent Hydrazine 302-01-2 Raw material Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 193-39-5 Tobacco smoke, inhalation of polluted air Iron-dextran complex 9004-66-4 Drug Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Used medicinally as an emetic and in the treatment of snake bites Lead [7439-92-1] and lead compounds, inorganic Manufacture of pipes, cable sheating /1.,p.1200/   Magenta (containing CI Basic Red 9) (1993) 632-99-5 Dyes and dyestuff MeA-a-C (2-Amino-3-methyl-     9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 68006-83-7 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Medroxyprogesterone acetate 71-58-9 Hormones, pharmaceutical industry MeIQ (1993)     (2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) 77094-11-2 Grilled beef and fish MeIQx (1993)     (2-Amino 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) 77500-04-0 Fried fish and beef Merphalan 531-76-0 Antineoplastic agent 2-Methylaziridine 75-55-8 Intermediate Methylazoxymethanol acetate 592-62-1 Cancer research 5-Methylchrysene 3697-24-3 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) 838-88-0 Dye manufacture 4,4'-Methylenedianiline     (4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane) 101-77-9 Production of isocyanates and polyisocyanates Methylmercury compounds (1993)     Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Produced for research purposes 2-Methyl-1-nitroanthraquinone (uncertain purity) 129-15-7 Dye intermediate N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane 615-53-2 Laboratory chemical Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Antineoplastic agent Metronidazole 443-48-1 Drug Mirex 2385-85-5 Pesticides Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Antineoplastic agent Monocrotaline 315-22-0 Consumptions of extracts of crotalaria species as bush teas 5-(Morpholinomethyl)-     3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone 3795-88-8 Former drug Nafenopin 3771-19-5 Drug Nickel, metallic (1990) 7440-02-0 Manufacture of acid-resisting and magnetic alloys Nitridazole 61-57-4 Drug Nitrilotriacetic acid and its salts (1990) 139-13-9 Softener in cleaning agents and phosphate substitute in detergents 5-Nitroacenaphthene 602-87-9 Diesel exhaust 6-Nitrochrysene (1989) 7496-02-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes Nitrofen, technical-grade 1836-75-5 Herbicide 2-Nitrofluorene (1989) 607-57-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes 1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-imidazolidinone 555-84-0 Former drug N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide 531-82-8 Analgesics, anti-inflammatory agent Nitrogen mustard N-oxide 126-85-2 Intermediate in production of antineoplastic drugs 2-Nitropropane 79-46-9 Use in vinyl epoxy paints, printing inks, adhesives 1-Nitropyrene (1989) 5522-43-0 Diesel engine exhaust fumes 4-Nitropyrene (1989) 57835-92-4 Laboratory chemical N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3   N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 Isolated from cosmetic products N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 621-64-7 Isolated in some pesticides 3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile 60153-49-3 Constitutent of betel nut 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone     (NNK) 64091-91-4 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine 4549-40-0 Apple brandy N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 Rubber industry N'-Nitrosonornicotine 16543-55-8 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 Fried meat and fish, rubber N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 Tobacco smoke, fried meat and fish N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 Fried meat Ochratoxin A (1993) 303-47-9 Mycotoxin Oil Orange SS 2646-17-5 Dye Panfuran S, containing dihydroxymethylfuratrizine 794-93-4 Drug Pentachlorophenol (1991) 87-86-5 Pesticide Phenazopyridine hydrochloride 136-40-3 Drug Phenobarbital 50-06-6 Drug Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride 63-92-3 Drug Phenyl glycidyl ether (1989) 122-60-1 Epoxy compounds Phenytoin 57-41-0 Drug PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-     6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) (1993) 105650-23-5 Cooked food, tobacco smoke Ponceau MX 3761-53-3 Dye Ponceau 3R 3564-09-8 Dye Potassium bromate 7758-01-2 Flour milling industries as additive to improve baking properties Progestins   Drugs 1,3-Propane sultone 1120-71-4 Sulfopropylation of organic compounds ß-Propiolactone 57-57-8 Used in organic synthesis, vapour sterilizer, disinfectant Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Antineoplastic agent Rockwool (1988)     Saccharin 81-07-2 Artificial sweeteners Safrole 94-59-7 Parfumery, soaps, flavouring agent in drugs Slagwool (1988)     Sodium ortho-phenylphenate 132-27-4 Fungicide Sterigmatocystin 10048-13-2 Mycotoxin Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Drug Styrenee 100-42-5 Solvent, raw material Sulfallate 95-06-7 Herbicide 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) 1746-01-6 By-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 Dry cleaning Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Use as an analytical reagent in the laboratory 4,4'-Thiodianiline 139-65-1 Dye intermediate Thiourea 62-56-6 Photocopying, raw material Toluene diisocyanates 26471-62-5 Manufacture of elastomers of polyuretane ortho-Toluidine 95-53-4 Dye Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride) (1990) 817-09-4 Antineoplastic agent Trp-P-1     (3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-06-0 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trp-P-2     (3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-07-1 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trypan blue 72-57-1 Dye Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Antineoplastic agent Urethane 51-79-6 Raw material Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Bitumens, extracts of steam-refined and air-refined 8052-42-4   Carrageenan, degraded 9000-07-1 Food additive Chlorinated paraffins of average carbon chain length C12     and average degree of chlorination approximately 60% (1990)     Coffee (urinary bladder) (1991)     Diesel fuel, marinee (1989)     Engine exhaust, gasoline (1989)     Fuel oils, residual (heavy) (1989)     Gasolinee (1989)     Pickled vegetables (traditional in Asia) (1993)     Polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6) 59536-65-1 Flame retardant Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes) 8001-35-2 Pesticide Toxins derived from Fusarium moniliforme (1993)   Mycotoxins Welding fumes (1990)     ANNEX 6. List of chemicals banned or severely restricted to certain uses owing to their effects on health and the environment in the countries of EU Chemical CAS Number Use category Use limitation MERCURIC OXIDE 21908-53-2 P SR MERCUROUS CHLORIDE 10112-91-1 P SR OTHER INORGANIC MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALKYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P SR ALKOXYALKYL AND ARYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALDRIN 309-00-2 P SR CHLORDANE 57-74-9 P B DIELDRIN 60-57-1 P B DDT 50-29-3 P B ENDRIN 72-20-8 P SR HCH (contains < 99% gamma isomer) 608-73-1 P B HEPTACHLOR 74-44-8 P B HEXACHLOROBENZENE 118-74-1 P B CAMPHECHLOR (TOXAPHENE) 8001-35-2 P B POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB), except MONO- and DICHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 1336-36-3 I B POLYCHLORINATED TERPHENYLS (PCT) 61788-33-8 I B PREPARATIONS with a PCB or PCT content higher than 0.01% by weight   I B TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) PHOSPHATE 126-72-7 I SR TRIS-AZIRIDINYL-PHOSPHIOXIDE 545-55-1 I SR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBB) CROCIDOLITE 12001-28-4 I SR NITROFEN 1836-75-5 P B 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE 106-93-4 P B 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE 107-06-2 P B AMOSITE 12172-73-5   B ANTHOPHYLLITE ASBESTOS 77536-67-5   B ACTINOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-66-4   B TREMOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-68-6   B CADMIUM and its compounds 7440-43-9   R 2-NAPHTYLAMINE and its salts 91-59-8   B 4-AMINOPHENYL and its salts 92-67-1   B BENZIDINE and its salts 92-87-5   B 4-NITROPHENYL 92-93-3   B LEGEND: Use category: P: plant-protection product I: industrial chemical Use limitation: SR: severe restriction B: ban R: restrictions Continue to Annex VII

Fire and explosion hazards may be classified as follows explosive oxidizing extremely flammable, highly flammable or flammable The following properties present a hazard to the environment and are: toxic to living organisms persistent in the environment bioaccumulation Also substances and preparations that cannot be classified by using the above system may be regarded as dangerous if they have properties which are hazardous to health, to living organisms or if they can damage property. 4. How to pass on the information to users All chemicals, both substances and preparations, should have a clear marking to indicate their identity. The packages and containers of dangerous substances and preparations should, in addition to marking only, to have a label with required information. The label should draw attention to the inherent danger to persons handling or using the chemical. Symbols and pictograms have been established for each hazard category listed above. The symbol forms an integral part of the label and gives an immediate idea of the types of hazards that the substance or the preparation may cause. To specify the type of danger pertinent standard risk phrases should also be included in the label. Advice on the precautions necessary in the handling of chemicals are given with standard safety phrases also included in the label. 5. Where to find information about hazardous chemicals The chemical supplier, manufacturer or importer, should be able to provide detailed information and a Safety Data Sheet. In certain countries, such as those of the EU, the manufacturer or importer has the obligation to find and give adequate information about a chemical for assessment of the health and environmental hazards of his chemical for handling and for its labelling. Safety data sheets have been prepared on many dangerous substances and preparations by manufacturers. These should go together with the product to the occupational user. The information in these is not always validated or checked. On pure substances International Chemical Safety Cards are available. These contain validated basic information, which may be used also for preparing safety data sheets on chemical preparations or products. Lists of classified chemicals exist in national legislation and regulations which provide information on local requirements in the handling of dangerous chemicals. The information for classification, and labels, may be obtained from tests, from literature, from practical experience and from information requirements by international rules on the transport of dangerous substances and wastes. 6. How to classify for a label The label is the basic tool to keep the user informed on the classification and the most important safety precautions. This information must be given if the preparation contains at least one substance classified as dangerous to man or the environment or if the preparation is otherwise regarded as dangerous, for example it is flammable. In EU countries the label must clearly show the trade name the name and the address, including telephone number, of the manufacturer, the importer or the distributor the chemical name of the substance (in the case of a preparation, the chemical names of the hazardous components) danger symbols risk phrases (R-phrases) safety phrases (S-phrases) the quantity of the contents of the package or container The labels should be in the national, official language(s). The label should show the chemical names of substances that are primarily responsible for the hazards. As a general rule four chemical names on the label should be sufficient. In some cases, more than four names may be necessary; for example all cancer causing substances in the preparation must be identified and the corresponding R- and S-phrases presented on the label. If the preparation contains one or more of the substances requiring the following R-phrases, both the name of the substance and the R-phrase should be mentioned in the label: R33, R39, R40, R42, R43, R45, R46, R48, R49, R60, R61, R62, R63, R64 These risks phrases are related to carcinogenic, genetic, reproductive, sensitizing and irreversible health hazards. Four R-phrases and four S-phrases should suffice to describe the risks and to formulate the most appropriate safety advice. Symbols showing the most serious hazards should be chosen where more than one danger symbol has to be assigned. As a general rule a maximum of two danger symbols are used. The explanation of the letter symbols appearing in the attached lists are given below. Each letter symbol refers to a danger symbol or pictogram used in EU countries: Letter Symbol Explanation E explosive This symbol with the word 'explosive' denotes a substance which may explode under the effect of a flame or if subjected to shocks or friction. O oxidizing The symbol with the word 'oxidizing' refers to a substance which releases a lot of heat while it reacts with other substances, particularly flammable substances. F highly flammable This symbol with the words 'highly flammable' denotes a substance which may become hot and finally ignite in contact with air at ambient temperature or is a solid and may readily set on fire after brief contact with the source of ignition and which continues to burn/to be consumed by chemical reaction after removal of the source of ignition. If it is gas it may burn in air at normal pressure. In contact with water or damp air the substance may release highly flammable gases in dangerous quantities. F+ extremely flammable The same flammable symbol as above with words 'extremely flammable' denotes e.g. a liquid which would boil at body temperature and would ignite if vapours are exposed to a flame. T toxic The symbol with skull and crossed bones with the word 'toxic' denotes a highly hazardous substance. T+ very toxic The same symbol as above with the words 'very toxic' is used to label a substance, which, if inhaled or ingested or, if it penetrates the skin, may involve extremely serious immediate or long-term health risks and even death. C corrosive The symbol with the word 'corrosive' will be found on a label of a substance which may destroy living tissues on contact with them. Severe burns may result from splashes of such substance. Xn harmful (less than T) The symbol with word 'harmful' denotes to substances which may cause health hazards less than toxic. It could refer to other types of risks e.g. to allergic reactions. Xi irritant (less than C) The same symbol as above with the word 'irritant'. N dangerous for the environment   When more than one danger symbol is used the obligation to apply symbol T or T+ will make symbols C, Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol C will make symbols Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol E will make symbols F and O optional If a preparation is classified both harmful Xn and irritant Xi, it will be labelled harmful Xn, and the irritant properties should be pointed out with appropriate R-phrases. The total amount of the substance in the preparation has an effect in choosing the danger symbols, R- and S-phrases. (Annex 8) Generally, no account needs to be taken of substances if they are present in following amounts, unless another lower limit has been specifically given: less than 0.1% by weight for substances classified as very toxic T+, or toxic T less than 1% for substances classified as harmful Xn, corrosive C, irritant Xi, Information such as "non-toxic", "not harmful" should not be used in the labels. The pictorial symbol indicating danger is drawn in black and the background colour should be orange. The dimensions of the label:  Capacity of the package Minimum dimensions in millimeters Not exceeding three litres 52x74 more than three litres but not exceeding 50 litres 74x105 more than 50 litres but not exceeding 500 litres 105x148 more than 500 litres 148x210 Each danger symbol must cover at least 1/10 of the surface area of the label. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm. Example 1. Classification of a substance 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (synonym name: methyl chloroform), used as solvent is classified as harmful Xn and dangerous to the environment N, with following R-phrases and S-phrases R 20 Harmful by inhalation. R 59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. S 2 Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheets. The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of being noticed too as substances classified toxic. Example 2. Classification of a preparation: A preparation used for degreasing metal parts contains following dangerous components:  Dangerous substance % Symbol Risk phrases Safety phrases TrichloroethyleneXylene (flash point over 21oC) Ethanol 23 67 8 Xn Xn F 40-52/5310-20/21-38 11 (2-)23-36/37-61(2-)25 (2-)7-16 Preparation   Xn 10-20/21-38-40-52/53 (2-)23-25-36/37-61 Ethanol is present below the classification level. The R and S-phrases corresponding to the number codes are: R 10 Flammable. R 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 38 Irritating to skin. R 40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R 52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 23 Do not breathe vapour. S 25 Avoid contact with eyes. S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 61 Avoid the release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheet. 7. How to compile a label The name, symbol, the risk phrases of the classified substance and the phrases for safety precaution are in Annex 4. The key to have the symbol picture is in Annex 1. The key to have a sentence in words is for the risk phrases in Annex 2. and for the safety phrases in Annex 3. Toluene is classified in International Chemical Safety Cards: See the Cards by CAS Number, in alphabetical order or by risk phrases. Substance CAS number Symbol Risk phrase Safety phrase TOLUENE 108-88-3 F, Xn 11-20 (2-)16-25-29-33 TOLUENE Highly flammable Harmful by inhalation F Highly flammable Xn Harmful   Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Avoid contact with eyes. Do not empty into drains. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Name and address of the manufacturer, distributor or importer. HAZARD CATEGORIES OF SELECTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS  HAZARD CATEGORIES ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA PHYSICAL HAZARDS compressed gasflammable explosive oxidizing reactive corrosive (materials) - + + + + + + + + + + + n + + + + n n + + + + n + + + + + + HEALTH HAZARDS toxic (acute)*toxic (other) irritant corrosive (tissues) sensitizer carcinogen reproductive effects** mutagen + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + SPECIAL HAZARDS environmentradioactive infectious miscellaneous*** - - - - + + + + + n n n n n n n n n n n LEGEND: + : defined category n : defined under other legislation or code - : not defined * : includes oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity ** : includes reproductive and developmental toxicity *** : specific to UN RTDG; included in national transport legislation DEFINITIONS OF DATA COMPONENTS IN LABELS IN DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS COMPONENTS ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA FORMAT none defined size of labels varies with transport mode. Minimum label dimensions are defined for different package capacities; contrasted danger symbols and background (black on yellow background); language must be that of the country where the product is put on market. none defined 1. Supplier label:must appear on all controlled products received at work-places; required information must be set aside from sales information; surrounded by WHMIS border; must be printed in contrasting colours; must have all texts in English and French. 2. Workplace label: must appear on all products produced in a workplace or transferred to other containers by the employer; may appear in placard form on products received in bulk. DATA ELEMENTS 1. Trade name2. Chemical identity 3. Supplier identi- fication. 4. Hazard symbols 5. Risk phrases 6. Safety phrases 7. Batch identifica- tion. 8. Reference to ex- isting CSDS. 9. Hazard classifi- cation. not mandated.The UN RTDG label defines hazards by the use of symbols, colours and danger warning words for specific hazards (explosive, radioactive, corrosive, etc.). 1. Chemical identity2. Hazard symbol and indication of danger. 3. Risk phrases 4. Safety phrases 5. Supplier identification (full address and tel. No.). 6. EEC number if allocated 7. the wording "EEC label" where appropriate. 1. Chemical identity2. Supplier identi- fication 3. Appropriate hazard warnings. Employer must ensure that labels and other forms of warning are in English and may add other languages if appropriate. 1. Supplier label:-product identifier -supplier identification. -reference to existing CSDS. -hazard symbols; and for containers over 100 ml: -risk and safety phrases. -first aid measures 2. Workplace label: -product identifier -information for the safe handling of the products -reference to an existing CSDS. -may contain WHMIS hazard symbols or other pictograms. OTHER REQUIREMENTS Legibility, durability and size, uniformity of labels and symbols, including colours.In general, all containers of hazardous chemicals should at least indicate the hazards of the contents through appropriate wording or symbols. Placarding of transport units is defined, including form, minimum size and colour of placards.   ANSI Standard Z-129.1.1988 defines acceptable precautionary phrases and hazard symbols. Chemical name may be replaced by generic name or number in the case of products covered by provisions on exemption for confidential business information. ANNEX 1. Symbols and Indications of Danger Used in the Countries of EU E O Explosive Oxidizing F F+ Highly flammable Extremely flammable T T+ Toxic Very toxic Xn Xi Harmful Irritant C N Corrosive Dangerous for environment ANNEX 2. Risk Phrases Used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. Nature of Special Risks Attributed to Dangerous Substances and Preparations R1 Explosive when dry. R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds. R5 Heating may cause an explosion. R6 Explosive with or without contact with air. R7 May cause fire. R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material. R10 Flammable. R11 Highly flammable. R12 Extremely flammable. (R13 Extremely flammable liquified gas.) R14 Reacts violently with water. R15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases. R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances. R17 Spontaneously flammable in air. R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. R19 May form explosive peroxides. R20 Harmful by inhalation. R21 Harmful in contact with skin. R22 Harmful if swallowed. R23 Toxic by inhalation. R24 Toxic in contact with skin. R25 Toxic if swallowed. R26 Very toxic by inhalation. R27 Very toxic in contact with skin. R28 Very toxic if swallowed. R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gases. R30 Can become highly flammable in use. R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. R33 Danger of cumulative effects. R34 Causes burns. R35 Causes severe burns. R36 Irritating to eyes. R37 Irritating to respiratory system. R38 Irritating to skin. R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects. R40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes. R42 May cause sensitization by inhalation. R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact. R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. R45 May cause cancer. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage. (R47 May cause birth defects.) R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. R49 May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 Toxic to flora. R55 Toxic to fauna. R56 Toxic to soil organisms. R57 Toxic to bees. R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 May impair fertility. R61 May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility. R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed Combination of R-Phrases R14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating highly flammable gases. R15/29 Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas. R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/26/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation. R40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin. R40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed. R40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. ANNEX 3. Safety Phrases Concerning Dangerous Chemical Substances and Preparations used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. S1 Keep locked up. S2 Keep out of the reach of children. S3 Keep in a cool place. S4 Keep away from living quarters. S5 Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). S6 Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). S7 Keep container tightly closed. S8 Keep container dry. S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S12 Do not keep container sealed. S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. S14 Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S15 Keep away from heat. S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S17 Keep away from combustible material. S18 Handle and open container with care. S20 When using do not eat or drink. S21 When using do not smoke. S22 Do not breathe dust. S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S24 Avoid contact with skin. S25 Avoid contact with eyes. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29 Do not empty into drains. S30 Never add water to this product. S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. (S34 Avoid shock and friction.) S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S36 Wear suitable protective clothing. S37 Wear suitable gloves. S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. S39 Wear eye/face protection. S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S41 In case of fire and/or explosion, do not breathe fumes. S42 During fumigation/spraying, wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S43 In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk, add - Never use water). (S44 If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).) S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S48 Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). S49 Keep only in the original container. S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S51 Use only in well-ventilated areas. S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. (S54 Obtain the consent of pollution control authorities before discharging to wastewater treatment plants.) (S55 Treat using the best available techniques before discharge into drains or the aquatic environment.) S56 Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. S57 Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. (S58 To be disposed of as hazardous waste.) S59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. S62 If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.         Combination of S-Phrases     S1/2 Keep locked up and out of reach of children. S3/7 Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. (S3/9 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place.) (S3/7/9 Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.) S3/9/14 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S3/9/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. S3/9/14/49   S3/14 Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry. S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. S20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/39 Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S36/37/39   S47/49 Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S7/47 Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ...0C (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29/56 Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. ANNEX 4. List of Substances with Risk and Safety Phrases Used in the Countries of EU MEANING OF NOTES A - G Note A Where a substance is listed under a generic name (e.g. `...compounds' or `...salts') the correct chemical name should be stated on the label. For example for BeCl2: Beryllium chloride Note B Some substances (acids, bases, etc.) are placed on the market in aqueous solutions at various concentrations and therefore require different labelling since hazards vary at different concentrations. The entries with Note B have a general designation of the type `...% Nitric acid'. The actual concentration of the solution is stated on the label: `45% Nitric acid.Percentages always refer to weight ratio, unless otherwise stated. Additional data (e.g. specific gravity, Baumé values) or descriptions (e.g. glacial, fuming) are permitted. Note C Some organic substances may be in a specific isomeric form or as a mixture of isomers with a general designation. In this case the label states clearly whether the substance is a specific isomer or a mixture of isomers. For example `Xylene' is specified: `o-Xylene' or `Xylene, m Note D Some substances which polymerize readily or decompose spontaneously are normally placed on the market in a stabilized form. However, such substances are sometimes placed on the market in a non-stabilized form. This must be stated on the label with the name of the substance: Methacrylic acid (non-stabilized)'. Note E Substances with specific effects on human health (classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction) if they are also classified as `Very toxic (T+)', `Toxic (T)' or `Harmful (Xn)'. The word also shall precede the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28 when in a combination, for example:R45-23: May cause cancer. Also toxic by inhalation R46-27/28: May cause heritable genetic damage. Also very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. Note F The substance may contain a stabilizer. If the stabilizer changes the hazardous properties of the substance as listed, a label must be compiled in accordance with rules for the resulting hazardous preparations. Note G The substance may be marketed in an explosive form in which case it must be assessed using the appropriate test methods and the label should reflect its explosive property.   ANNEX 5. IARC List of Cancer Causing Chemicals WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER LISTS OF IARC EVALUATIONS ACCORDING TO IARC MONOGRAPHS IARC, Lyon 1993 `Occupational sources' column edited by IPCS, Geneva, 1993 Any comments related to the IARC Monographs should be sent to Dr. H. Vainio, Chief Unit of Carcinogen Identification and Evaluation, International Agency for Research on Cancer Address: 150 cours Albert Thomas 69372 Lyon Cedex 08 France Group 1 The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being probably carcinogenic to humans. Group 2B The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being possibly carcinogenic to humans. Group 1: CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Aflatoxins (1993)a 1402-68-2 Feedstuff contaminants, mycotoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl 92-67-1 Rubber manufacture Arsenic and arsenic compoundsb 7440-38-2 Drug, pesticide Asbestos 1332-21-4 Roofing, friction material Azathioprine 446-86-6 Drug Benzene 71-43-2 Solvent, raw material Benzidine 92-87-5 Raw material, impurity Beryllium and beryllium compoundsd 7440-41-7 Raw material, electronics industry N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (Chlornaphazine) 494-03-1 Drug Bis(chloromethyl)ether and 542-88-1 Laboratory chemical chloromethyl methyl ether (technical-grade) 107-30-2   1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Myleran) 55-98-1 Antineoplastic agent Cadmium and cadmium compoundsd 7440-43-9 Raw material Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Antineoplastic agent 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1- nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) 13909-09-6 Antineoplastic agent Chromium(VI) compounds (1990)   Pigment manufacturing Ciclosporin (1990) 79217-60-0 Drug Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Antineoplastic agent Diethylstilboestrol 56-53-1 Drug Erionite 66733-21-9 Natural mineral fibre Melphalan 148-82-3 Antineoplastic agent 8-Methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen) plus ultraviolet radiation 298-81-7 Dermatological drug MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents   Antineoplastic agents Mustard gas (Sulfur mustard) 505-60-2 War gas 2-Naphthylamine 91-59-8 Dye manufacturing Nickel compounds (1990)   Pigment, batteries, impurity Oestrogen replacement therapy   Hormones Oestrogens, nonsteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oestrogens, oesteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oral contraceptives, combinedc   Hormones Oral contraceptives, sequential   Hormones Radon and its decay products (1988) 10043-92-2 Mining Solar radiation (1992)     Talc containing asbest-form fibres   Extenders in paints and ceramic products Thiotepa (1990) 52-24-4 Antineoplastic agent Treosulfan 299-75-2 Antineoplastic agent Vinyl chloride (monomer) 75-01-4 Plastic industry Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Alcoholic beverages (1988)     Analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin   Drugs Betel quid with tobacco     Coal-tar pitches 65996-93-2 Raw material Coal-tars 8007-45-2 Drug, raw material Mineral oils, untreated and mildly treated   Use of crude oil distillates Salted fish (Chinese-style) (1993)     Shale-oils 68308-34-9   Soots     Tobacco products, smokeless     Tobacco smoke     Group 2 A: PROBABLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 Raw material Adriamycind 23214-92-8 Antineoplastic agent Androgenic (anabolic) steroids   Drugs Azacitidine (1990)d 320-67-2 Antineoplastic agent Benz[a]anthracened 56-55-3 Impurity Benzidine-based dyesd   Dyes Benzo[a]pyrened 50-32-8 Impurity Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) 154-93-8 Antineoplastic agent 1,3-Butadiene (1992) 106-9-90 Manufacture of synthetic rubber Captafol (1991)d 2425-06-1 Fungicides, pesticides /1.,pp.927-1616/ Chloramphenicol (1990)d 56-75-7 Antibiotics 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-     1-nitrosourea (CCNU)d 13010-47-4 Antineoplastic agent para-Chloro-ortho-toluidine and     its strong acid salts (1990)d 95-69-2 Synthesis of organic dyestuffs Chlorozotocin (1990)d 54749-90-5 Antineoplastic agent Cisplatind 15663-27-1 Antineoplastic agent Dibenz[a,h]anthracened 53-70-3 Coal-tar Diethyl sulfate (1992)d 64-67-5 Raw material, laboratories Dimethylcarbamoyl chlorided 79-44-7 Laboratories Dimethyl sulfated 77-78-1 Raw material, laboratories Epichlorohydrind 106-89-8 Epoxyresin products, raw material, laboratories Ethylene dibromided 106-93-4 Soil fumigant, leaded gasoline Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 Pesticide, intermediate N-Ethyl-N-nitrosouread 759-73-9 Laboratory synthesis of diazoethane Formaldehyde 50-00-0 Preservative, disinfectant, textile, wood/timber industry, raw material IQd (2-Amino-3-methylimid-     azo[4,5-f]-quinoline) (1993) 76180-96-6 Grilled fish and meat 5-Methoxypsoralend 484-20-8 Dermatological agent 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)     (MOCA) (1993)101-14-4   Polyurethane industry, curing agent N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)d 70-25-7 Laboratory agent N-Methyl-N-nitrosouread 684-93-5 Laboratory synthesis of diazomethane Nitrogen mustard 51-75-2 Basis for some antineoplastic agents N-Nitrosodiethylamined 55-18-5 Laboratories N-Nitrosodimethylamined 62-75-9 Laboratories, pollutant Phenacetin 62-44-2 Drug Procarbazine hydrochlorided 366-70-1 Antineoplastic agent Propylene oxided 75-56-9 Production of propylene glycol Silica, crystalline 14808-60-7 Ceramic industry Styrene oxide 96-09-3 Epoxy resin additive Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate 126-72-7   Ultraviolet radiation A (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation B (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation C (1992)d   Welding operation, laser Vinyl bromided 593-60-2 As an intermediate in organic synthesis, manufacture of polymers Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Creosotes 8001-58-9 Wood preservative for roofing Diesel engine exhaust (1989)     Hot mate (1991)   Beverage Non-arsenical insecticides, spraying and     Occupational exposures in application of (1991)     Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 1336-36-3 Limited application in capacitors Group 2B: POSSIBLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources A-a-C; (2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 26148-68-5 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 Manufacture of acetic acid and ethyl acetate Acetamide 60-35-5 As a solvent for organic compounds, plasticizer Acrylamide 79-06-1 Manufacture of acrylamide polymers AF-2;[2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide] 3688-53-7 Ex-food preservative Aflatoxin M1 (1993) 6795-23-9 Found in the milk cows fed toxic meals para-Aminoazobenzene 60-09-3 Dyes ortho-Aminoazotoluene 97-56-3 Dyes 2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 712-68-5 Drug Amitrole 61-82-5 Herbicide ortho-Anisidine 90-04-0 Laboratories Antimony trioxide (1989) 1309-64-4 Tartar emetic, paint pigment AramiteR 140-57-8 Pesticide Atrazine (1991) 1912-24-9 Herbicide Auramine (technical-grade) 492-80-8 Dye manufacture Azaserine 115-02-6 Antineoplastic agent Benzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 Impurity Benzo[j]fluoranthene 205-82-3 Impurity Benzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 Impurity Benzyl violet 4B 1694-09-3 Textile dye Bleomycinse 11056-06-7 Antineoplastic drug Bracken fern     Bromodichloromethane (1991) 75-27-4 Intermediate solvent Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) 25013-16-5 Food additive ß--Butyrolactone 3068-88-0 Laboratories Caffeic acid (1993) 331-39-5 Constituent of plants Carbon-black extracts   Manufacture of natural and synthetic rubber Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 Solvent, raw material Ceramic fibres (1988)   Use in manufacture of paper felts, furnace Chlordane (1991) 57-74-9 Pesticide Chlordecone (Kepone) 143-50-0 Pesticide Chlorendic acid (1990) 115-28-6 Chemical intermediate in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins a-Chlorinated toluenes   Intermediates para-Chloroaniline (1993) 106-47-8 Dye industry Chloroform 67-66-3 Solvent, raw material Chlorophenols   Fungicides, bactericides Chlorophenoxy herbicides   Herbicides 4-Chloro-ortho-phenylenediamine 95-83-0 Hair-dye component CI Acid Red 114 (1993) 6459-94-5 Dye CI Basic Red 9 (1993) 569-61-9 Dye CI Direct Blue 15 (1993) 2429-74-5 Dye Citrus Red No. 2 (CI 12156) 6358-53-8 Dye Cobalt and cobalt compounds (1991) 7440-48-4 Manufacture of magnets para-Cresidine 120-71-8 Dye manufacturing Cycasin 14901-08-7 Naturally occurring toxin, seeds, roots and leaves of cycad plants Dacarbazine 4342-03-4 Antineoplastic drug Dantron     (Chrysazin; 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) (1990) 117-10-2 Drug Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Antineoplastic agent DDT (para,para'-DDT) (1991) 50-29-3 Pesticide N,N'-Diacetylbenzidine 613-35-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminoanisole 615-05-4 Dye manufacturing, hair dye 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether 101-80-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95-80-7 Dye manufacturing, raw material, hair dye Dibenz[a,h]acridine 226-36-8 Pollutant Dibenz[a,j]acridine 224-42-0 Pollutant 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 194-59-2 Tobacco smoke Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene 192-65-4 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene 189-64-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 189-55-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene 191-30-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 Pesticide para-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 Fumigants, insecticides 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1 Raw material, dye manufacturing 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 28434-86-8 Dye, raw material 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 Solvent, raw material Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 75-09-2 Solvent 1,3-Dichloropropene (technical-grade) 542-75-6 Pesticides Dichlorvos (1991) 62-73-7 Pesticide Diepoxybutane 1464-53-5 Raw material, laboratories Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 Plastic industry 1,2-Diethylhydrazine 1615-80-1 Laboratory chemical Diglycidyl resorcinol ether 101-90-6 Epoxy resin, aircraft equipment industry Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Chemical intermediate for manufacture of piperonyl butoxide Diisopropyl sulfate (1992) 2973-10-6 Manufacturing of isopropanol 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (ortho-Dianisidine) 119-90-4 Dye, laboratories para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 60-11-7 Dye, laboratories trans-2-[(Dimethylamino)methylimino]-5-[2-(5-nitro-     2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole 25962-77-0 Limited usage as a pharmaceutical 2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine) (1993) 87-62-7 Synthesis of other chemicals 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine (ortho-Tolidine) 119-93-7 Dye, laboratories Dimethylformamide (1989) 68-12-2 Solvent for liquids and organic compounds 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 57-14-7 Rocket fuel formulations, chemical synthesis 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 540-73-8 Chemical intermediate 1,6-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-64-8 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,8-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-65-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 Raw material, solvent Disperse Blue 1 (1990) 2475-45-8 Dye, hair dye Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 As a component of solution for coating textiles, paper and leather Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 Raw material, laboratories, rubber industry Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Laboratories 2-(2-Formylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole 3570-75-0 No use Glasswool (1988)     Glu-P-1 (2-Amino-6-     methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-11-4 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glu-P-2 (2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-10-3 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glycidaldehyde 765-34-4 Acrolein metabolite Griseofulvin 126-07-8 Antibiotic drug, veterinary medicine HC Blue No. 1 (1993) 2784-94-3 Hair dye Heptachlor (1991) 76-44-8 Pesticide Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 Fungicide Hexachlorocyclohexanes   Pesticide Hexamethylphosphoramide 680-31-9 Solvent Hydrazine 302-01-2 Raw material Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 193-39-5 Tobacco smoke, inhalation of polluted air Iron-dextran complex 9004-66-4 Drug Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Used medicinally as an emetic and in the treatment of snake bites Lead [7439-92-1] and lead compounds, inorganic Manufacture of pipes, cable sheating /1.,p.1200/   Magenta (containing CI Basic Red 9) (1993) 632-99-5 Dyes and dyestuff MeA-a-C (2-Amino-3-methyl-     9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 68006-83-7 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Medroxyprogesterone acetate 71-58-9 Hormones, pharmaceutical industry MeIQ (1993)     (2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) 77094-11-2 Grilled beef and fish MeIQx (1993)     (2-Amino 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) 77500-04-0 Fried fish and beef Merphalan 531-76-0 Antineoplastic agent 2-Methylaziridine 75-55-8 Intermediate Methylazoxymethanol acetate 592-62-1 Cancer research 5-Methylchrysene 3697-24-3 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) 838-88-0 Dye manufacture 4,4'-Methylenedianiline     (4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane) 101-77-9 Production of isocyanates and polyisocyanates Methylmercury compounds (1993)     Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Produced for research purposes 2-Methyl-1-nitroanthraquinone (uncertain purity) 129-15-7 Dye intermediate N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane 615-53-2 Laboratory chemical Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Antineoplastic agent Metronidazole 443-48-1 Drug Mirex 2385-85-5 Pesticides Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Antineoplastic agent Monocrotaline 315-22-0 Consumptions of extracts of crotalaria species as bush teas 5-(Morpholinomethyl)-     3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone 3795-88-8 Former drug Nafenopin 3771-19-5 Drug Nickel, metallic (1990) 7440-02-0 Manufacture of acid-resisting and magnetic alloys Nitridazole 61-57-4 Drug Nitrilotriacetic acid and its salts (1990) 139-13-9 Softener in cleaning agents and phosphate substitute in detergents 5-Nitroacenaphthene 602-87-9 Diesel exhaust 6-Nitrochrysene (1989) 7496-02-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes Nitrofen, technical-grade 1836-75-5 Herbicide 2-Nitrofluorene (1989) 607-57-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes 1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-imidazolidinone 555-84-0 Former drug N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide 531-82-8 Analgesics, anti-inflammatory agent Nitrogen mustard N-oxide 126-85-2 Intermediate in production of antineoplastic drugs 2-Nitropropane 79-46-9 Use in vinyl epoxy paints, printing inks, adhesives 1-Nitropyrene (1989) 5522-43-0 Diesel engine exhaust fumes 4-Nitropyrene (1989) 57835-92-4 Laboratory chemical N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3   N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 Isolated from cosmetic products N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 621-64-7 Isolated in some pesticides 3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile 60153-49-3 Constitutent of betel nut 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone     (NNK) 64091-91-4 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine 4549-40-0 Apple brandy N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 Rubber industry N'-Nitrosonornicotine 16543-55-8 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 Fried meat and fish, rubber N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 Tobacco smoke, fried meat and fish N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 Fried meat Ochratoxin A (1993) 303-47-9 Mycotoxin Oil Orange SS 2646-17-5 Dye Panfuran S, containing dihydroxymethylfuratrizine 794-93-4 Drug Pentachlorophenol (1991) 87-86-5 Pesticide Phenazopyridine hydrochloride 136-40-3 Drug Phenobarbital 50-06-6 Drug Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride 63-92-3 Drug Phenyl glycidyl ether (1989) 122-60-1 Epoxy compounds Phenytoin 57-41-0 Drug PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-     6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) (1993) 105650-23-5 Cooked food, tobacco smoke Ponceau MX 3761-53-3 Dye Ponceau 3R 3564-09-8 Dye Potassium bromate 7758-01-2 Flour milling industries as additive to improve baking properties Progestins   Drugs 1,3-Propane sultone 1120-71-4 Sulfopropylation of organic compounds ß-Propiolactone 57-57-8 Used in organic synthesis, vapour sterilizer, disinfectant Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Antineoplastic agent Rockwool (1988)     Saccharin 81-07-2 Artificial sweeteners Safrole 94-59-7 Parfumery, soaps, flavouring agent in drugs Slagwool (1988)     Sodium ortho-phenylphenate 132-27-4 Fungicide Sterigmatocystin 10048-13-2 Mycotoxin Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Drug Styrenee 100-42-5 Solvent, raw material Sulfallate 95-06-7 Herbicide 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) 1746-01-6 By-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 Dry cleaning Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Use as an analytical reagent in the laboratory 4,4'-Thiodianiline 139-65-1 Dye intermediate Thiourea 62-56-6 Photocopying, raw material Toluene diisocyanates 26471-62-5 Manufacture of elastomers of polyuretane ortho-Toluidine 95-53-4 Dye Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride) (1990) 817-09-4 Antineoplastic agent Trp-P-1     (3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-06-0 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trp-P-2     (3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-07-1 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trypan blue 72-57-1 Dye Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Antineoplastic agent Urethane 51-79-6 Raw material Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Bitumens, extracts of steam-refined and air-refined 8052-42-4   Carrageenan, degraded 9000-07-1 Food additive Chlorinated paraffins of average carbon chain length C12     and average degree of chlorination approximately 60% (1990)     Coffee (urinary bladder) (1991)     Diesel fuel, marinee (1989)     Engine exhaust, gasoline (1989)     Fuel oils, residual (heavy) (1989)     Gasolinee (1989)     Pickled vegetables (traditional in Asia) (1993)     Polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6) 59536-65-1 Flame retardant Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes) 8001-35-2 Pesticide Toxins derived from Fusarium moniliforme (1993)   Mycotoxins Welding fumes (1990)     ANNEX 6. List of chemicals banned or severely restricted to certain uses owing to their effects on health and the environment in the countries of EU Chemical CAS Number Use category Use limitation MERCURIC OXIDE 21908-53-2 P SR MERCUROUS CHLORIDE 10112-91-1 P SR OTHER INORGANIC MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALKYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P SR ALKOXYALKYL AND ARYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALDRIN 309-00-2 P SR CHLORDANE 57-74-9 P B DIELDRIN 60-57-1 P B DDT 50-29-3 P B ENDRIN 72-20-8 P SR HCH (contains < 99% gamma isomer) 608-73-1 P B HEPTACHLOR 74-44-8 P B HEXACHLOROBENZENE 118-74-1 P B CAMPHECHLOR (TOXAPHENE) 8001-35-2 P B POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB), except MONO- and DICHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 1336-36-3 I B POLYCHLORINATED TERPHENYLS (PCT) 61788-33-8 I B PREPARATIONS with a PCB or PCT content higher than 0.01% by weight   I B TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) PHOSPHATE 126-72-7 I SR TRIS-AZIRIDINYL-PHOSPHIOXIDE 545-55-1 I SR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBB) CROCIDOLITE 12001-28-4 I SR NITROFEN 1836-75-5 P B 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE 106-93-4 P B 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE 107-06-2 P B AMOSITE 12172-73-5   B ANTHOPHYLLITE ASBESTOS 77536-67-5   B ACTINOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-66-4   B TREMOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-68-6   B CADMIUM and its compounds 7440-43-9   R 2-NAPHTYLAMINE and its salts 91-59-8   B 4-AMINOPHENYL and its salts 92-67-1   B BENZIDINE and its salts 92-87-5   B 4-NITROPHENYL 92-93-3   B LEGEND: Use category: P: plant-protection product I: industrial chemical Use limitation: SR: severe restriction B: ban R: restrictions Continue to Annex VII

The label should show the chemical names of substances that are primarily responsible for the hazards. As a general rule four chemical names on the label should be sufficient.

Harmfulsymbol

International, regional, and national classification and labelling systems are already established and tested in practice. The United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods is widely recognized and used among the UN member states. An example of a system that has been designed for use in several countries is the classification and labelling system of the European Union countries. Several functioning national systems, such as those of Canada and USA. Here is described the labelling system used in the countries of European Union as an example. The United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods is also briefly presented, but more in detail in the section of Transport and Storage. The list of chemicals with properties potential to cause major hazard is included into the section discussing the Major Hazard Chemicals. This document consists of: symbols and indications of danger used in the countries of EU standard risk phrases (R-phrases) used in the countries of EU standard safety advice phrases (S-phrases) used in the countries of EU list of dangerous substances with the classification and labelling requirements IARC list of cancer causing substances, carcinogens list of some substances and products which are subject to a ban or restrictions in EU countries United Nations list of hazard classes for transport of dangerous goods 2. Identification and Classification The objective is to identify the hazardous properties of chemicals which may constitute a risk during normal handling or use, risks to health, property or the environment. The user of the chemicals is also to be introduced to the hazards they present and given the basic information, in a suitable manner, such as using a properly made label. In this document one component chemical is called a substance, a mixture composed of two or more substances is called a preparation. For classification purposes the degree of hazard depends not only on the properties of a dangerous substance but also on the level of exposure. This refers to the concentration of hazardous components in the mixtures. The hazards of preparations can be assessed using the information on their component substances; for this it is essential to know also the quantities of its hazardous minor components. The EU classification and labelling system used here as an example can be applied to dangerous substances and preparations. However, this system should not be applied to medical or veterinary products, cosmetics, munitions or explosives, pesticides specified elsewhere, waste and foodstuffs or animal feedstuffs in the finished stage. These have their own specifications and requirements for labelling. 3. What is a hazardous chemical The following properties contribute to risk to health resulting from acute, repeated or prolonged exposure: very toxic or toxic harmful corrosive irritant cancer causing hazards to reproduction can cause non-heritable birth defects sensitizing Fire and explosion hazards may be classified as follows explosive oxidizing extremely flammable, highly flammable or flammable The following properties present a hazard to the environment and are: toxic to living organisms persistent in the environment bioaccumulation Also substances and preparations that cannot be classified by using the above system may be regarded as dangerous if they have properties which are hazardous to health, to living organisms or if they can damage property. 4. How to pass on the information to users All chemicals, both substances and preparations, should have a clear marking to indicate their identity. The packages and containers of dangerous substances and preparations should, in addition to marking only, to have a label with required information. The label should draw attention to the inherent danger to persons handling or using the chemical. Symbols and pictograms have been established for each hazard category listed above. The symbol forms an integral part of the label and gives an immediate idea of the types of hazards that the substance or the preparation may cause. To specify the type of danger pertinent standard risk phrases should also be included in the label. Advice on the precautions necessary in the handling of chemicals are given with standard safety phrases also included in the label. 5. Where to find information about hazardous chemicals The chemical supplier, manufacturer or importer, should be able to provide detailed information and a Safety Data Sheet. In certain countries, such as those of the EU, the manufacturer or importer has the obligation to find and give adequate information about a chemical for assessment of the health and environmental hazards of his chemical for handling and for its labelling. Safety data sheets have been prepared on many dangerous substances and preparations by manufacturers. These should go together with the product to the occupational user. The information in these is not always validated or checked. On pure substances International Chemical Safety Cards are available. These contain validated basic information, which may be used also for preparing safety data sheets on chemical preparations or products. Lists of classified chemicals exist in national legislation and regulations which provide information on local requirements in the handling of dangerous chemicals. The information for classification, and labels, may be obtained from tests, from literature, from practical experience and from information requirements by international rules on the transport of dangerous substances and wastes. 6. How to classify for a label The label is the basic tool to keep the user informed on the classification and the most important safety precautions. This information must be given if the preparation contains at least one substance classified as dangerous to man or the environment or if the preparation is otherwise regarded as dangerous, for example it is flammable. In EU countries the label must clearly show the trade name the name and the address, including telephone number, of the manufacturer, the importer or the distributor the chemical name of the substance (in the case of a preparation, the chemical names of the hazardous components) danger symbols risk phrases (R-phrases) safety phrases (S-phrases) the quantity of the contents of the package or container The labels should be in the national, official language(s). The label should show the chemical names of substances that are primarily responsible for the hazards. As a general rule four chemical names on the label should be sufficient. In some cases, more than four names may be necessary; for example all cancer causing substances in the preparation must be identified and the corresponding R- and S-phrases presented on the label. If the preparation contains one or more of the substances requiring the following R-phrases, both the name of the substance and the R-phrase should be mentioned in the label: R33, R39, R40, R42, R43, R45, R46, R48, R49, R60, R61, R62, R63, R64 These risks phrases are related to carcinogenic, genetic, reproductive, sensitizing and irreversible health hazards. Four R-phrases and four S-phrases should suffice to describe the risks and to formulate the most appropriate safety advice. Symbols showing the most serious hazards should be chosen where more than one danger symbol has to be assigned. As a general rule a maximum of two danger symbols are used. The explanation of the letter symbols appearing in the attached lists are given below. Each letter symbol refers to a danger symbol or pictogram used in EU countries: Letter Symbol Explanation E explosive This symbol with the word 'explosive' denotes a substance which may explode under the effect of a flame or if subjected to shocks or friction. O oxidizing The symbol with the word 'oxidizing' refers to a substance which releases a lot of heat while it reacts with other substances, particularly flammable substances. F highly flammable This symbol with the words 'highly flammable' denotes a substance which may become hot and finally ignite in contact with air at ambient temperature or is a solid and may readily set on fire after brief contact with the source of ignition and which continues to burn/to be consumed by chemical reaction after removal of the source of ignition. If it is gas it may burn in air at normal pressure. In contact with water or damp air the substance may release highly flammable gases in dangerous quantities. F+ extremely flammable The same flammable symbol as above with words 'extremely flammable' denotes e.g. a liquid which would boil at body temperature and would ignite if vapours are exposed to a flame. T toxic The symbol with skull and crossed bones with the word 'toxic' denotes a highly hazardous substance. T+ very toxic The same symbol as above with the words 'very toxic' is used to label a substance, which, if inhaled or ingested or, if it penetrates the skin, may involve extremely serious immediate or long-term health risks and even death. C corrosive The symbol with the word 'corrosive' will be found on a label of a substance which may destroy living tissues on contact with them. Severe burns may result from splashes of such substance. Xn harmful (less than T) The symbol with word 'harmful' denotes to substances which may cause health hazards less than toxic. It could refer to other types of risks e.g. to allergic reactions. Xi irritant (less than C) The same symbol as above with the word 'irritant'. N dangerous for the environment   When more than one danger symbol is used the obligation to apply symbol T or T+ will make symbols C, Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol C will make symbols Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol E will make symbols F and O optional If a preparation is classified both harmful Xn and irritant Xi, it will be labelled harmful Xn, and the irritant properties should be pointed out with appropriate R-phrases. The total amount of the substance in the preparation has an effect in choosing the danger symbols, R- and S-phrases. (Annex 8) Generally, no account needs to be taken of substances if they are present in following amounts, unless another lower limit has been specifically given: less than 0.1% by weight for substances classified as very toxic T+, or toxic T less than 1% for substances classified as harmful Xn, corrosive C, irritant Xi, Information such as "non-toxic", "not harmful" should not be used in the labels. The pictorial symbol indicating danger is drawn in black and the background colour should be orange. The dimensions of the label:  Capacity of the package Minimum dimensions in millimeters Not exceeding three litres 52x74 more than three litres but not exceeding 50 litres 74x105 more than 50 litres but not exceeding 500 litres 105x148 more than 500 litres 148x210 Each danger symbol must cover at least 1/10 of the surface area of the label. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm. Example 1. Classification of a substance 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (synonym name: methyl chloroform), used as solvent is classified as harmful Xn and dangerous to the environment N, with following R-phrases and S-phrases R 20 Harmful by inhalation. R 59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. S 2 Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheets. The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of being noticed too as substances classified toxic. Example 2. Classification of a preparation: A preparation used for degreasing metal parts contains following dangerous components:  Dangerous substance % Symbol Risk phrases Safety phrases TrichloroethyleneXylene (flash point over 21oC) Ethanol 23 67 8 Xn Xn F 40-52/5310-20/21-38 11 (2-)23-36/37-61(2-)25 (2-)7-16 Preparation   Xn 10-20/21-38-40-52/53 (2-)23-25-36/37-61 Ethanol is present below the classification level. The R and S-phrases corresponding to the number codes are: R 10 Flammable. R 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 38 Irritating to skin. R 40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R 52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 23 Do not breathe vapour. S 25 Avoid contact with eyes. S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 61 Avoid the release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheet. 7. How to compile a label The name, symbol, the risk phrases of the classified substance and the phrases for safety precaution are in Annex 4. The key to have the symbol picture is in Annex 1. The key to have a sentence in words is for the risk phrases in Annex 2. and for the safety phrases in Annex 3. Toluene is classified in International Chemical Safety Cards: See the Cards by CAS Number, in alphabetical order or by risk phrases. Substance CAS number Symbol Risk phrase Safety phrase TOLUENE 108-88-3 F, Xn 11-20 (2-)16-25-29-33 TOLUENE Highly flammable Harmful by inhalation F Highly flammable Xn Harmful   Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Avoid contact with eyes. Do not empty into drains. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Name and address of the manufacturer, distributor or importer. HAZARD CATEGORIES OF SELECTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS  HAZARD CATEGORIES ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA PHYSICAL HAZARDS compressed gasflammable explosive oxidizing reactive corrosive (materials) - + + + + + + + + + + + n + + + + n n + + + + n + + + + + + HEALTH HAZARDS toxic (acute)*toxic (other) irritant corrosive (tissues) sensitizer carcinogen reproductive effects** mutagen + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + SPECIAL HAZARDS environmentradioactive infectious miscellaneous*** - - - - + + + + + n n n n n n n n n n n LEGEND: + : defined category n : defined under other legislation or code - : not defined * : includes oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity ** : includes reproductive and developmental toxicity *** : specific to UN RTDG; included in national transport legislation DEFINITIONS OF DATA COMPONENTS IN LABELS IN DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS COMPONENTS ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA FORMAT none defined size of labels varies with transport mode. Minimum label dimensions are defined for different package capacities; contrasted danger symbols and background (black on yellow background); language must be that of the country where the product is put on market. none defined 1. Supplier label:must appear on all controlled products received at work-places; required information must be set aside from sales information; surrounded by WHMIS border; must be printed in contrasting colours; must have all texts in English and French. 2. Workplace label: must appear on all products produced in a workplace or transferred to other containers by the employer; may appear in placard form on products received in bulk. DATA ELEMENTS 1. Trade name2. Chemical identity 3. Supplier identi- fication. 4. Hazard symbols 5. Risk phrases 6. Safety phrases 7. Batch identifica- tion. 8. Reference to ex- isting CSDS. 9. Hazard classifi- cation. not mandated.The UN RTDG label defines hazards by the use of symbols, colours and danger warning words for specific hazards (explosive, radioactive, corrosive, etc.). 1. Chemical identity2. Hazard symbol and indication of danger. 3. Risk phrases 4. Safety phrases 5. Supplier identification (full address and tel. No.). 6. EEC number if allocated 7. the wording "EEC label" where appropriate. 1. Chemical identity2. Supplier identi- fication 3. Appropriate hazard warnings. Employer must ensure that labels and other forms of warning are in English and may add other languages if appropriate. 1. Supplier label:-product identifier -supplier identification. -reference to existing CSDS. -hazard symbols; and for containers over 100 ml: -risk and safety phrases. -first aid measures 2. Workplace label: -product identifier -information for the safe handling of the products -reference to an existing CSDS. -may contain WHMIS hazard symbols or other pictograms. OTHER REQUIREMENTS Legibility, durability and size, uniformity of labels and symbols, including colours.In general, all containers of hazardous chemicals should at least indicate the hazards of the contents through appropriate wording or symbols. Placarding of transport units is defined, including form, minimum size and colour of placards.   ANSI Standard Z-129.1.1988 defines acceptable precautionary phrases and hazard symbols. Chemical name may be replaced by generic name or number in the case of products covered by provisions on exemption for confidential business information. ANNEX 1. Symbols and Indications of Danger Used in the Countries of EU E O Explosive Oxidizing F F+ Highly flammable Extremely flammable T T+ Toxic Very toxic Xn Xi Harmful Irritant C N Corrosive Dangerous for environment ANNEX 2. Risk Phrases Used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. Nature of Special Risks Attributed to Dangerous Substances and Preparations R1 Explosive when dry. R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds. R5 Heating may cause an explosion. R6 Explosive with or without contact with air. R7 May cause fire. R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material. R10 Flammable. R11 Highly flammable. R12 Extremely flammable. (R13 Extremely flammable liquified gas.) R14 Reacts violently with water. R15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases. R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances. R17 Spontaneously flammable in air. R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. R19 May form explosive peroxides. R20 Harmful by inhalation. R21 Harmful in contact with skin. R22 Harmful if swallowed. R23 Toxic by inhalation. R24 Toxic in contact with skin. R25 Toxic if swallowed. R26 Very toxic by inhalation. R27 Very toxic in contact with skin. R28 Very toxic if swallowed. R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gases. R30 Can become highly flammable in use. R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. R33 Danger of cumulative effects. R34 Causes burns. R35 Causes severe burns. R36 Irritating to eyes. R37 Irritating to respiratory system. R38 Irritating to skin. R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects. R40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes. R42 May cause sensitization by inhalation. R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact. R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. R45 May cause cancer. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage. (R47 May cause birth defects.) R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. R49 May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 Toxic to flora. R55 Toxic to fauna. R56 Toxic to soil organisms. R57 Toxic to bees. R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 May impair fertility. R61 May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility. R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed Combination of R-Phrases R14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating highly flammable gases. R15/29 Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas. R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/26/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation. R40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin. R40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed. R40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. ANNEX 3. Safety Phrases Concerning Dangerous Chemical Substances and Preparations used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. S1 Keep locked up. S2 Keep out of the reach of children. S3 Keep in a cool place. S4 Keep away from living quarters. S5 Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). S6 Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). S7 Keep container tightly closed. S8 Keep container dry. S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S12 Do not keep container sealed. S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. S14 Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S15 Keep away from heat. S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S17 Keep away from combustible material. S18 Handle and open container with care. S20 When using do not eat or drink. S21 When using do not smoke. S22 Do not breathe dust. S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S24 Avoid contact with skin. S25 Avoid contact with eyes. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29 Do not empty into drains. S30 Never add water to this product. S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. (S34 Avoid shock and friction.) S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S36 Wear suitable protective clothing. S37 Wear suitable gloves. S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. S39 Wear eye/face protection. S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S41 In case of fire and/or explosion, do not breathe fumes. S42 During fumigation/spraying, wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S43 In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk, add - Never use water). (S44 If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).) S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S48 Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). S49 Keep only in the original container. S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S51 Use only in well-ventilated areas. S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. (S54 Obtain the consent of pollution control authorities before discharging to wastewater treatment plants.) (S55 Treat using the best available techniques before discharge into drains or the aquatic environment.) S56 Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. S57 Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. (S58 To be disposed of as hazardous waste.) S59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. S62 If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.         Combination of S-Phrases     S1/2 Keep locked up and out of reach of children. S3/7 Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. (S3/9 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place.) (S3/7/9 Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.) S3/9/14 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S3/9/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. S3/9/14/49   S3/14 Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry. S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. S20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/39 Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S36/37/39   S47/49 Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S7/47 Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ...0C (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29/56 Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. ANNEX 4. List of Substances with Risk and Safety Phrases Used in the Countries of EU MEANING OF NOTES A - G Note A Where a substance is listed under a generic name (e.g. `...compounds' or `...salts') the correct chemical name should be stated on the label. For example for BeCl2: Beryllium chloride Note B Some substances (acids, bases, etc.) are placed on the market in aqueous solutions at various concentrations and therefore require different labelling since hazards vary at different concentrations. The entries with Note B have a general designation of the type `...% Nitric acid'. The actual concentration of the solution is stated on the label: `45% Nitric acid.Percentages always refer to weight ratio, unless otherwise stated. Additional data (e.g. specific gravity, Baumé values) or descriptions (e.g. glacial, fuming) are permitted. Note C Some organic substances may be in a specific isomeric form or as a mixture of isomers with a general designation. In this case the label states clearly whether the substance is a specific isomer or a mixture of isomers. For example `Xylene' is specified: `o-Xylene' or `Xylene, m Note D Some substances which polymerize readily or decompose spontaneously are normally placed on the market in a stabilized form. However, such substances are sometimes placed on the market in a non-stabilized form. This must be stated on the label with the name of the substance: Methacrylic acid (non-stabilized)'. Note E Substances with specific effects on human health (classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction) if they are also classified as `Very toxic (T+)', `Toxic (T)' or `Harmful (Xn)'. The word also shall precede the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28 when in a combination, for example:R45-23: May cause cancer. Also toxic by inhalation R46-27/28: May cause heritable genetic damage. Also very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. Note F The substance may contain a stabilizer. If the stabilizer changes the hazardous properties of the substance as listed, a label must be compiled in accordance with rules for the resulting hazardous preparations. Note G The substance may be marketed in an explosive form in which case it must be assessed using the appropriate test methods and the label should reflect its explosive property.   ANNEX 5. IARC List of Cancer Causing Chemicals WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER LISTS OF IARC EVALUATIONS ACCORDING TO IARC MONOGRAPHS IARC, Lyon 1993 `Occupational sources' column edited by IPCS, Geneva, 1993 Any comments related to the IARC Monographs should be sent to Dr. H. Vainio, Chief Unit of Carcinogen Identification and Evaluation, International Agency for Research on Cancer Address: 150 cours Albert Thomas 69372 Lyon Cedex 08 France Group 1 The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being probably carcinogenic to humans. Group 2B The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being possibly carcinogenic to humans. Group 1: CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Aflatoxins (1993)a 1402-68-2 Feedstuff contaminants, mycotoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl 92-67-1 Rubber manufacture Arsenic and arsenic compoundsb 7440-38-2 Drug, pesticide Asbestos 1332-21-4 Roofing, friction material Azathioprine 446-86-6 Drug Benzene 71-43-2 Solvent, raw material Benzidine 92-87-5 Raw material, impurity Beryllium and beryllium compoundsd 7440-41-7 Raw material, electronics industry N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (Chlornaphazine) 494-03-1 Drug Bis(chloromethyl)ether and 542-88-1 Laboratory chemical chloromethyl methyl ether (technical-grade) 107-30-2   1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Myleran) 55-98-1 Antineoplastic agent Cadmium and cadmium compoundsd 7440-43-9 Raw material Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Antineoplastic agent 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1- nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) 13909-09-6 Antineoplastic agent Chromium(VI) compounds (1990)   Pigment manufacturing Ciclosporin (1990) 79217-60-0 Drug Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Antineoplastic agent Diethylstilboestrol 56-53-1 Drug Erionite 66733-21-9 Natural mineral fibre Melphalan 148-82-3 Antineoplastic agent 8-Methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen) plus ultraviolet radiation 298-81-7 Dermatological drug MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents   Antineoplastic agents Mustard gas (Sulfur mustard) 505-60-2 War gas 2-Naphthylamine 91-59-8 Dye manufacturing Nickel compounds (1990)   Pigment, batteries, impurity Oestrogen replacement therapy   Hormones Oestrogens, nonsteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oestrogens, oesteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oral contraceptives, combinedc   Hormones Oral contraceptives, sequential   Hormones Radon and its decay products (1988) 10043-92-2 Mining Solar radiation (1992)     Talc containing asbest-form fibres   Extenders in paints and ceramic products Thiotepa (1990) 52-24-4 Antineoplastic agent Treosulfan 299-75-2 Antineoplastic agent Vinyl chloride (monomer) 75-01-4 Plastic industry Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Alcoholic beverages (1988)     Analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin   Drugs Betel quid with tobacco     Coal-tar pitches 65996-93-2 Raw material Coal-tars 8007-45-2 Drug, raw material Mineral oils, untreated and mildly treated   Use of crude oil distillates Salted fish (Chinese-style) (1993)     Shale-oils 68308-34-9   Soots     Tobacco products, smokeless     Tobacco smoke     Group 2 A: PROBABLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 Raw material Adriamycind 23214-92-8 Antineoplastic agent Androgenic (anabolic) steroids   Drugs Azacitidine (1990)d 320-67-2 Antineoplastic agent Benz[a]anthracened 56-55-3 Impurity Benzidine-based dyesd   Dyes Benzo[a]pyrened 50-32-8 Impurity Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) 154-93-8 Antineoplastic agent 1,3-Butadiene (1992) 106-9-90 Manufacture of synthetic rubber Captafol (1991)d 2425-06-1 Fungicides, pesticides /1.,pp.927-1616/ Chloramphenicol (1990)d 56-75-7 Antibiotics 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-     1-nitrosourea (CCNU)d 13010-47-4 Antineoplastic agent para-Chloro-ortho-toluidine and     its strong acid salts (1990)d 95-69-2 Synthesis of organic dyestuffs Chlorozotocin (1990)d 54749-90-5 Antineoplastic agent Cisplatind 15663-27-1 Antineoplastic agent Dibenz[a,h]anthracened 53-70-3 Coal-tar Diethyl sulfate (1992)d 64-67-5 Raw material, laboratories Dimethylcarbamoyl chlorided 79-44-7 Laboratories Dimethyl sulfated 77-78-1 Raw material, laboratories Epichlorohydrind 106-89-8 Epoxyresin products, raw material, laboratories Ethylene dibromided 106-93-4 Soil fumigant, leaded gasoline Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 Pesticide, intermediate N-Ethyl-N-nitrosouread 759-73-9 Laboratory synthesis of diazoethane Formaldehyde 50-00-0 Preservative, disinfectant, textile, wood/timber industry, raw material IQd (2-Amino-3-methylimid-     azo[4,5-f]-quinoline) (1993) 76180-96-6 Grilled fish and meat 5-Methoxypsoralend 484-20-8 Dermatological agent 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)     (MOCA) (1993)101-14-4   Polyurethane industry, curing agent N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)d 70-25-7 Laboratory agent N-Methyl-N-nitrosouread 684-93-5 Laboratory synthesis of diazomethane Nitrogen mustard 51-75-2 Basis for some antineoplastic agents N-Nitrosodiethylamined 55-18-5 Laboratories N-Nitrosodimethylamined 62-75-9 Laboratories, pollutant Phenacetin 62-44-2 Drug Procarbazine hydrochlorided 366-70-1 Antineoplastic agent Propylene oxided 75-56-9 Production of propylene glycol Silica, crystalline 14808-60-7 Ceramic industry Styrene oxide 96-09-3 Epoxy resin additive Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate 126-72-7   Ultraviolet radiation A (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation B (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation C (1992)d   Welding operation, laser Vinyl bromided 593-60-2 As an intermediate in organic synthesis, manufacture of polymers Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Creosotes 8001-58-9 Wood preservative for roofing Diesel engine exhaust (1989)     Hot mate (1991)   Beverage Non-arsenical insecticides, spraying and     Occupational exposures in application of (1991)     Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 1336-36-3 Limited application in capacitors Group 2B: POSSIBLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources A-a-C; (2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 26148-68-5 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 Manufacture of acetic acid and ethyl acetate Acetamide 60-35-5 As a solvent for organic compounds, plasticizer Acrylamide 79-06-1 Manufacture of acrylamide polymers AF-2;[2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide] 3688-53-7 Ex-food preservative Aflatoxin M1 (1993) 6795-23-9 Found in the milk cows fed toxic meals para-Aminoazobenzene 60-09-3 Dyes ortho-Aminoazotoluene 97-56-3 Dyes 2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 712-68-5 Drug Amitrole 61-82-5 Herbicide ortho-Anisidine 90-04-0 Laboratories Antimony trioxide (1989) 1309-64-4 Tartar emetic, paint pigment AramiteR 140-57-8 Pesticide Atrazine (1991) 1912-24-9 Herbicide Auramine (technical-grade) 492-80-8 Dye manufacture Azaserine 115-02-6 Antineoplastic agent Benzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 Impurity Benzo[j]fluoranthene 205-82-3 Impurity Benzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 Impurity Benzyl violet 4B 1694-09-3 Textile dye Bleomycinse 11056-06-7 Antineoplastic drug Bracken fern     Bromodichloromethane (1991) 75-27-4 Intermediate solvent Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) 25013-16-5 Food additive ß--Butyrolactone 3068-88-0 Laboratories Caffeic acid (1993) 331-39-5 Constituent of plants Carbon-black extracts   Manufacture of natural and synthetic rubber Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 Solvent, raw material Ceramic fibres (1988)   Use in manufacture of paper felts, furnace Chlordane (1991) 57-74-9 Pesticide Chlordecone (Kepone) 143-50-0 Pesticide Chlorendic acid (1990) 115-28-6 Chemical intermediate in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins a-Chlorinated toluenes   Intermediates para-Chloroaniline (1993) 106-47-8 Dye industry Chloroform 67-66-3 Solvent, raw material Chlorophenols   Fungicides, bactericides Chlorophenoxy herbicides   Herbicides 4-Chloro-ortho-phenylenediamine 95-83-0 Hair-dye component CI Acid Red 114 (1993) 6459-94-5 Dye CI Basic Red 9 (1993) 569-61-9 Dye CI Direct Blue 15 (1993) 2429-74-5 Dye Citrus Red No. 2 (CI 12156) 6358-53-8 Dye Cobalt and cobalt compounds (1991) 7440-48-4 Manufacture of magnets para-Cresidine 120-71-8 Dye manufacturing Cycasin 14901-08-7 Naturally occurring toxin, seeds, roots and leaves of cycad plants Dacarbazine 4342-03-4 Antineoplastic drug Dantron     (Chrysazin; 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) (1990) 117-10-2 Drug Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Antineoplastic agent DDT (para,para'-DDT) (1991) 50-29-3 Pesticide N,N'-Diacetylbenzidine 613-35-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminoanisole 615-05-4 Dye manufacturing, hair dye 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether 101-80-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95-80-7 Dye manufacturing, raw material, hair dye Dibenz[a,h]acridine 226-36-8 Pollutant Dibenz[a,j]acridine 224-42-0 Pollutant 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 194-59-2 Tobacco smoke Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene 192-65-4 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene 189-64-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 189-55-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene 191-30-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 Pesticide para-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 Fumigants, insecticides 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1 Raw material, dye manufacturing 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 28434-86-8 Dye, raw material 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 Solvent, raw material Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 75-09-2 Solvent 1,3-Dichloropropene (technical-grade) 542-75-6 Pesticides Dichlorvos (1991) 62-73-7 Pesticide Diepoxybutane 1464-53-5 Raw material, laboratories Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 Plastic industry 1,2-Diethylhydrazine 1615-80-1 Laboratory chemical Diglycidyl resorcinol ether 101-90-6 Epoxy resin, aircraft equipment industry Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Chemical intermediate for manufacture of piperonyl butoxide Diisopropyl sulfate (1992) 2973-10-6 Manufacturing of isopropanol 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (ortho-Dianisidine) 119-90-4 Dye, laboratories para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 60-11-7 Dye, laboratories trans-2-[(Dimethylamino)methylimino]-5-[2-(5-nitro-     2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole 25962-77-0 Limited usage as a pharmaceutical 2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine) (1993) 87-62-7 Synthesis of other chemicals 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine (ortho-Tolidine) 119-93-7 Dye, laboratories Dimethylformamide (1989) 68-12-2 Solvent for liquids and organic compounds 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 57-14-7 Rocket fuel formulations, chemical synthesis 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 540-73-8 Chemical intermediate 1,6-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-64-8 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,8-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-65-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 Raw material, solvent Disperse Blue 1 (1990) 2475-45-8 Dye, hair dye Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 As a component of solution for coating textiles, paper and leather Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 Raw material, laboratories, rubber industry Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Laboratories 2-(2-Formylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole 3570-75-0 No use Glasswool (1988)     Glu-P-1 (2-Amino-6-     methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-11-4 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glu-P-2 (2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-10-3 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glycidaldehyde 765-34-4 Acrolein metabolite Griseofulvin 126-07-8 Antibiotic drug, veterinary medicine HC Blue No. 1 (1993) 2784-94-3 Hair dye Heptachlor (1991) 76-44-8 Pesticide Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 Fungicide Hexachlorocyclohexanes   Pesticide Hexamethylphosphoramide 680-31-9 Solvent Hydrazine 302-01-2 Raw material Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 193-39-5 Tobacco smoke, inhalation of polluted air Iron-dextran complex 9004-66-4 Drug Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Used medicinally as an emetic and in the treatment of snake bites Lead [7439-92-1] and lead compounds, inorganic Manufacture of pipes, cable sheating /1.,p.1200/   Magenta (containing CI Basic Red 9) (1993) 632-99-5 Dyes and dyestuff MeA-a-C (2-Amino-3-methyl-     9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 68006-83-7 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Medroxyprogesterone acetate 71-58-9 Hormones, pharmaceutical industry MeIQ (1993)     (2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) 77094-11-2 Grilled beef and fish MeIQx (1993)     (2-Amino 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) 77500-04-0 Fried fish and beef Merphalan 531-76-0 Antineoplastic agent 2-Methylaziridine 75-55-8 Intermediate Methylazoxymethanol acetate 592-62-1 Cancer research 5-Methylchrysene 3697-24-3 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) 838-88-0 Dye manufacture 4,4'-Methylenedianiline     (4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane) 101-77-9 Production of isocyanates and polyisocyanates Methylmercury compounds (1993)     Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Produced for research purposes 2-Methyl-1-nitroanthraquinone (uncertain purity) 129-15-7 Dye intermediate N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane 615-53-2 Laboratory chemical Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Antineoplastic agent Metronidazole 443-48-1 Drug Mirex 2385-85-5 Pesticides Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Antineoplastic agent Monocrotaline 315-22-0 Consumptions of extracts of crotalaria species as bush teas 5-(Morpholinomethyl)-     3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone 3795-88-8 Former drug Nafenopin 3771-19-5 Drug Nickel, metallic (1990) 7440-02-0 Manufacture of acid-resisting and magnetic alloys Nitridazole 61-57-4 Drug Nitrilotriacetic acid and its salts (1990) 139-13-9 Softener in cleaning agents and phosphate substitute in detergents 5-Nitroacenaphthene 602-87-9 Diesel exhaust 6-Nitrochrysene (1989) 7496-02-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes Nitrofen, technical-grade 1836-75-5 Herbicide 2-Nitrofluorene (1989) 607-57-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes 1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-imidazolidinone 555-84-0 Former drug N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide 531-82-8 Analgesics, anti-inflammatory agent Nitrogen mustard N-oxide 126-85-2 Intermediate in production of antineoplastic drugs 2-Nitropropane 79-46-9 Use in vinyl epoxy paints, printing inks, adhesives 1-Nitropyrene (1989) 5522-43-0 Diesel engine exhaust fumes 4-Nitropyrene (1989) 57835-92-4 Laboratory chemical N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3   N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 Isolated from cosmetic products N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 621-64-7 Isolated in some pesticides 3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile 60153-49-3 Constitutent of betel nut 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone     (NNK) 64091-91-4 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine 4549-40-0 Apple brandy N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 Rubber industry N'-Nitrosonornicotine 16543-55-8 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 Fried meat and fish, rubber N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 Tobacco smoke, fried meat and fish N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 Fried meat Ochratoxin A (1993) 303-47-9 Mycotoxin Oil Orange SS 2646-17-5 Dye Panfuran S, containing dihydroxymethylfuratrizine 794-93-4 Drug Pentachlorophenol (1991) 87-86-5 Pesticide Phenazopyridine hydrochloride 136-40-3 Drug Phenobarbital 50-06-6 Drug Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride 63-92-3 Drug Phenyl glycidyl ether (1989) 122-60-1 Epoxy compounds Phenytoin 57-41-0 Drug PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-     6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) (1993) 105650-23-5 Cooked food, tobacco smoke Ponceau MX 3761-53-3 Dye Ponceau 3R 3564-09-8 Dye Potassium bromate 7758-01-2 Flour milling industries as additive to improve baking properties Progestins   Drugs 1,3-Propane sultone 1120-71-4 Sulfopropylation of organic compounds ß-Propiolactone 57-57-8 Used in organic synthesis, vapour sterilizer, disinfectant Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Antineoplastic agent Rockwool (1988)     Saccharin 81-07-2 Artificial sweeteners Safrole 94-59-7 Parfumery, soaps, flavouring agent in drugs Slagwool (1988)     Sodium ortho-phenylphenate 132-27-4 Fungicide Sterigmatocystin 10048-13-2 Mycotoxin Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Drug Styrenee 100-42-5 Solvent, raw material Sulfallate 95-06-7 Herbicide 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) 1746-01-6 By-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 Dry cleaning Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Use as an analytical reagent in the laboratory 4,4'-Thiodianiline 139-65-1 Dye intermediate Thiourea 62-56-6 Photocopying, raw material Toluene diisocyanates 26471-62-5 Manufacture of elastomers of polyuretane ortho-Toluidine 95-53-4 Dye Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride) (1990) 817-09-4 Antineoplastic agent Trp-P-1     (3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-06-0 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trp-P-2     (3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-07-1 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trypan blue 72-57-1 Dye Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Antineoplastic agent Urethane 51-79-6 Raw material Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Bitumens, extracts of steam-refined and air-refined 8052-42-4   Carrageenan, degraded 9000-07-1 Food additive Chlorinated paraffins of average carbon chain length C12     and average degree of chlorination approximately 60% (1990)     Coffee (urinary bladder) (1991)     Diesel fuel, marinee (1989)     Engine exhaust, gasoline (1989)     Fuel oils, residual (heavy) (1989)     Gasolinee (1989)     Pickled vegetables (traditional in Asia) (1993)     Polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6) 59536-65-1 Flame retardant Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes) 8001-35-2 Pesticide Toxins derived from Fusarium moniliforme (1993)   Mycotoxins Welding fumes (1990)     ANNEX 6. List of chemicals banned or severely restricted to certain uses owing to their effects on health and the environment in the countries of EU Chemical CAS Number Use category Use limitation MERCURIC OXIDE 21908-53-2 P SR MERCUROUS CHLORIDE 10112-91-1 P SR OTHER INORGANIC MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALKYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P SR ALKOXYALKYL AND ARYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALDRIN 309-00-2 P SR CHLORDANE 57-74-9 P B DIELDRIN 60-57-1 P B DDT 50-29-3 P B ENDRIN 72-20-8 P SR HCH (contains < 99% gamma isomer) 608-73-1 P B HEPTACHLOR 74-44-8 P B HEXACHLOROBENZENE 118-74-1 P B CAMPHECHLOR (TOXAPHENE) 8001-35-2 P B POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB), except MONO- and DICHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 1336-36-3 I B POLYCHLORINATED TERPHENYLS (PCT) 61788-33-8 I B PREPARATIONS with a PCB or PCT content higher than 0.01% by weight   I B TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) PHOSPHATE 126-72-7 I SR TRIS-AZIRIDINYL-PHOSPHIOXIDE 545-55-1 I SR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBB) CROCIDOLITE 12001-28-4 I SR NITROFEN 1836-75-5 P B 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE 106-93-4 P B 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE 107-06-2 P B AMOSITE 12172-73-5   B ANTHOPHYLLITE ASBESTOS 77536-67-5   B ACTINOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-66-4   B TREMOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-68-6   B CADMIUM and its compounds 7440-43-9   R 2-NAPHTYLAMINE and its salts 91-59-8   B 4-AMINOPHENYL and its salts 92-67-1   B BENZIDINE and its salts 92-87-5   B 4-NITROPHENYL 92-93-3   B LEGEND: Use category: P: plant-protection product I: industrial chemical Use limitation: SR: severe restriction B: ban R: restrictions Continue to Annex VII

If the preparation contains one or more of the substances requiring the following R-phrases, both the name of the substance and the R-phrase should be mentioned in the label:

If a preparation is classified both harmful Xn and irritant Xi, it will be labelled harmful Xn, and the irritant properties should be pointed out with appropriate R-phrases.

Corrosive symbolmeaning

The packages and containers of dangerous substances and preparations should, in addition to marking only, to have a label with required information.

Hazard symbols and meanings

Symbols and pictograms have been established for each hazard category listed above. The symbol forms an integral part of the label and gives an immediate idea of the types of hazards that the substance or the preparation may cause. To specify the type of danger pertinent standard risk phrases should also be included in the label. Advice on the precautions necessary in the handling of chemicals are given with standard safety phrases also included in the label.

The explanation of the letter symbols appearing in the attached lists are given below. Each letter symbol refers to a danger symbol or pictogram used in EU countries:

Carcinogensymbol

Lists of classified chemicals exist in national legislation and regulations which provide information on local requirements in the handling of dangerous chemicals.

must appear on all controlled products received at work-places; required information must be set aside from sales information; surrounded by WHMIS border; must be printed in contrasting colours; must have all texts in English and French.

In general, all containers of hazardous chemicals should at least indicate the hazards of the contents through appropriate wording or symbols.

The production and use of chemicals are fundamental factors in the economic development of all countries, whether they are industrialized or developing. In one way or another, chemicals affect directly or indirectly the lives of all humans and are essential to our feeding (fertilizers, pesticides, food additives, packing), our health (pharmaceuticals, cleaning materials), or our well being (appliances, fuels, etc).

Also substances and preparations that cannot be classified by using the above system may be regarded as dangerous if they have properties which are hazardous to health, to living organisms or if they can damage property.

For classification purposes the degree of hazard depends not only on the properties of a dangerous substance but also on the level of exposure. This refers to the concentration of hazardous components in the mixtures. The hazards of preparations can be assessed using the information on their component substances; for this it is essential to know also the quantities of its hazardous minor components.

On pure substances International Chemical Safety Cards are available. These contain validated basic information, which may be used also for preparing safety data sheets on chemical preparations or products.

Corrosivechemicals

Percentages always refer to weight ratio, unless otherwise stated. Additional data (e.g. specific gravity, Baumé values) or descriptions (e.g. glacial, fuming) are permitted.

Safety data sheets have been prepared on many dangerous substances and preparations by manufacturers. These should go together with the product to the occupational user. The information in these is not always validated or checked.

In this document one component chemical is called a substance, a mixture composed of two or more substances is called a preparation.

In some cases, more than four names may be necessary; for example all cancer causing substances in the preparation must be identified and the corresponding R- and S-phrases presented on the label.

Oxidizingchemical symbol

In certain countries, such as those of the EU, the manufacturer or importer has the obligation to find and give adequate information about a chemical for assessment of the health and environmental hazards of his chemical for handling and for its labelling.

The International Labour Organisation (ILO) has adopted the Convention No. 170 and Recommendation No. 177 on `Safety in the use of chemicals at work' in 1990.

The list of chemicals with properties potential to cause major hazard is included into the section discussing the Major Hazard Chemicals.

In EU countries the label must clearly show the trade name the name and the address, including telephone number, of the manufacturer, the importer or the distributor the chemical name of the substance (in the case of a preparation, the chemical names of the hazardous components) danger symbols risk phrases (R-phrases) safety phrases (S-phrases) the quantity of the contents of the package or container The labels should be in the national, official language(s). The label should show the chemical names of substances that are primarily responsible for the hazards. As a general rule four chemical names on the label should be sufficient. In some cases, more than four names may be necessary; for example all cancer causing substances in the preparation must be identified and the corresponding R- and S-phrases presented on the label. If the preparation contains one or more of the substances requiring the following R-phrases, both the name of the substance and the R-phrase should be mentioned in the label: R33, R39, R40, R42, R43, R45, R46, R48, R49, R60, R61, R62, R63, R64 These risks phrases are related to carcinogenic, genetic, reproductive, sensitizing and irreversible health hazards. Four R-phrases and four S-phrases should suffice to describe the risks and to formulate the most appropriate safety advice. Symbols showing the most serious hazards should be chosen where more than one danger symbol has to be assigned. As a general rule a maximum of two danger symbols are used. The explanation of the letter symbols appearing in the attached lists are given below. Each letter symbol refers to a danger symbol or pictogram used in EU countries: Letter Symbol Explanation E explosive This symbol with the word 'explosive' denotes a substance which may explode under the effect of a flame or if subjected to shocks or friction. O oxidizing The symbol with the word 'oxidizing' refers to a substance which releases a lot of heat while it reacts with other substances, particularly flammable substances. F highly flammable This symbol with the words 'highly flammable' denotes a substance which may become hot and finally ignite in contact with air at ambient temperature or is a solid and may readily set on fire after brief contact with the source of ignition and which continues to burn/to be consumed by chemical reaction after removal of the source of ignition. If it is gas it may burn in air at normal pressure. In contact with water or damp air the substance may release highly flammable gases in dangerous quantities. F+ extremely flammable The same flammable symbol as above with words 'extremely flammable' denotes e.g. a liquid which would boil at body temperature and would ignite if vapours are exposed to a flame. T toxic The symbol with skull and crossed bones with the word 'toxic' denotes a highly hazardous substance. T+ very toxic The same symbol as above with the words 'very toxic' is used to label a substance, which, if inhaled or ingested or, if it penetrates the skin, may involve extremely serious immediate or long-term health risks and even death. C corrosive The symbol with the word 'corrosive' will be found on a label of a substance which may destroy living tissues on contact with them. Severe burns may result from splashes of such substance. Xn harmful (less than T) The symbol with word 'harmful' denotes to substances which may cause health hazards less than toxic. It could refer to other types of risks e.g. to allergic reactions. Xi irritant (less than C) The same symbol as above with the word 'irritant'. N dangerous for the environment   When more than one danger symbol is used the obligation to apply symbol T or T+ will make symbols C, Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol C will make symbols Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol E will make symbols F and O optional If a preparation is classified both harmful Xn and irritant Xi, it will be labelled harmful Xn, and the irritant properties should be pointed out with appropriate R-phrases. The total amount of the substance in the preparation has an effect in choosing the danger symbols, R- and S-phrases. (Annex 8) Generally, no account needs to be taken of substances if they are present in following amounts, unless another lower limit has been specifically given: less than 0.1% by weight for substances classified as very toxic T+, or toxic T less than 1% for substances classified as harmful Xn, corrosive C, irritant Xi, Information such as "non-toxic", "not harmful" should not be used in the labels. The pictorial symbol indicating danger is drawn in black and the background colour should be orange. The dimensions of the label:  Capacity of the package Minimum dimensions in millimeters Not exceeding three litres 52x74 more than three litres but not exceeding 50 litres 74x105 more than 50 litres but not exceeding 500 litres 105x148 more than 500 litres 148x210 Each danger symbol must cover at least 1/10 of the surface area of the label. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm. Example 1. Classification of a substance 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (synonym name: methyl chloroform), used as solvent is classified as harmful Xn and dangerous to the environment N, with following R-phrases and S-phrases R 20 Harmful by inhalation. R 59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. S 2 Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheets. The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of being noticed too as substances classified toxic. Example 2. Classification of a preparation: A preparation used for degreasing metal parts contains following dangerous components:  Dangerous substance % Symbol Risk phrases Safety phrases TrichloroethyleneXylene (flash point over 21oC) Ethanol 23 67 8 Xn Xn F 40-52/5310-20/21-38 11 (2-)23-36/37-61(2-)25 (2-)7-16 Preparation   Xn 10-20/21-38-40-52/53 (2-)23-25-36/37-61 Ethanol is present below the classification level. The R and S-phrases corresponding to the number codes are: R 10 Flammable. R 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 38 Irritating to skin. R 40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R 52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 23 Do not breathe vapour. S 25 Avoid contact with eyes. S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 61 Avoid the release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheet. 7. How to compile a label The name, symbol, the risk phrases of the classified substance and the phrases for safety precaution are in Annex 4. The key to have the symbol picture is in Annex 1. The key to have a sentence in words is for the risk phrases in Annex 2. and for the safety phrases in Annex 3. Toluene is classified in International Chemical Safety Cards: See the Cards by CAS Number, in alphabetical order or by risk phrases. Substance CAS number Symbol Risk phrase Safety phrase TOLUENE 108-88-3 F, Xn 11-20 (2-)16-25-29-33 TOLUENE Highly flammable Harmful by inhalation F Highly flammable Xn Harmful   Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Avoid contact with eyes. Do not empty into drains. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Name and address of the manufacturer, distributor or importer. HAZARD CATEGORIES OF SELECTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS  HAZARD CATEGORIES ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA PHYSICAL HAZARDS compressed gasflammable explosive oxidizing reactive corrosive (materials) - + + + + + + + + + + + n + + + + n n + + + + n + + + + + + HEALTH HAZARDS toxic (acute)*toxic (other) irritant corrosive (tissues) sensitizer carcinogen reproductive effects** mutagen + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + SPECIAL HAZARDS environmentradioactive infectious miscellaneous*** - - - - + + + + + n n n n n n n n n n n LEGEND: + : defined category n : defined under other legislation or code - : not defined * : includes oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity ** : includes reproductive and developmental toxicity *** : specific to UN RTDG; included in national transport legislation DEFINITIONS OF DATA COMPONENTS IN LABELS IN DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS COMPONENTS ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA FORMAT none defined size of labels varies with transport mode. Minimum label dimensions are defined for different package capacities; contrasted danger symbols and background (black on yellow background); language must be that of the country where the product is put on market. none defined 1. Supplier label:must appear on all controlled products received at work-places; required information must be set aside from sales information; surrounded by WHMIS border; must be printed in contrasting colours; must have all texts in English and French. 2. Workplace label: must appear on all products produced in a workplace or transferred to other containers by the employer; may appear in placard form on products received in bulk. DATA ELEMENTS 1. Trade name2. Chemical identity 3. Supplier identi- fication. 4. Hazard symbols 5. Risk phrases 6. Safety phrases 7. Batch identifica- tion. 8. Reference to ex- isting CSDS. 9. Hazard classifi- cation. not mandated.The UN RTDG label defines hazards by the use of symbols, colours and danger warning words for specific hazards (explosive, radioactive, corrosive, etc.). 1. Chemical identity2. Hazard symbol and indication of danger. 3. Risk phrases 4. Safety phrases 5. Supplier identification (full address and tel. No.). 6. EEC number if allocated 7. the wording "EEC label" where appropriate. 1. Chemical identity2. Supplier identi- fication 3. Appropriate hazard warnings. Employer must ensure that labels and other forms of warning are in English and may add other languages if appropriate. 1. Supplier label:-product identifier -supplier identification. -reference to existing CSDS. -hazard symbols; and for containers over 100 ml: -risk and safety phrases. -first aid measures 2. Workplace label: -product identifier -information for the safe handling of the products -reference to an existing CSDS. -may contain WHMIS hazard symbols or other pictograms. OTHER REQUIREMENTS Legibility, durability and size, uniformity of labels and symbols, including colours.In general, all containers of hazardous chemicals should at least indicate the hazards of the contents through appropriate wording or symbols. Placarding of transport units is defined, including form, minimum size and colour of placards.   ANSI Standard Z-129.1.1988 defines acceptable precautionary phrases and hazard symbols. Chemical name may be replaced by generic name or number in the case of products covered by provisions on exemption for confidential business information. ANNEX 1. Symbols and Indications of Danger Used in the Countries of EU E O Explosive Oxidizing F F+ Highly flammable Extremely flammable T T+ Toxic Very toxic Xn Xi Harmful Irritant C N Corrosive Dangerous for environment ANNEX 2. Risk Phrases Used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. Nature of Special Risks Attributed to Dangerous Substances and Preparations R1 Explosive when dry. R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds. R5 Heating may cause an explosion. R6 Explosive with or without contact with air. R7 May cause fire. R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material. R10 Flammable. R11 Highly flammable. R12 Extremely flammable. (R13 Extremely flammable liquified gas.) R14 Reacts violently with water. R15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases. R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances. R17 Spontaneously flammable in air. R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. R19 May form explosive peroxides. R20 Harmful by inhalation. R21 Harmful in contact with skin. R22 Harmful if swallowed. R23 Toxic by inhalation. R24 Toxic in contact with skin. R25 Toxic if swallowed. R26 Very toxic by inhalation. R27 Very toxic in contact with skin. R28 Very toxic if swallowed. R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gases. R30 Can become highly flammable in use. R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. R33 Danger of cumulative effects. R34 Causes burns. R35 Causes severe burns. R36 Irritating to eyes. R37 Irritating to respiratory system. R38 Irritating to skin. R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects. R40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes. R42 May cause sensitization by inhalation. R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact. R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. R45 May cause cancer. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage. (R47 May cause birth defects.) R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. R49 May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 Toxic to flora. R55 Toxic to fauna. R56 Toxic to soil organisms. R57 Toxic to bees. R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 May impair fertility. R61 May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility. R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed Combination of R-Phrases R14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating highly flammable gases. R15/29 Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas. R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/26/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation. R40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin. R40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed. R40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. ANNEX 3. Safety Phrases Concerning Dangerous Chemical Substances and Preparations used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. S1 Keep locked up. S2 Keep out of the reach of children. S3 Keep in a cool place. S4 Keep away from living quarters. S5 Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). S6 Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). S7 Keep container tightly closed. S8 Keep container dry. S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S12 Do not keep container sealed. S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. S14 Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S15 Keep away from heat. S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S17 Keep away from combustible material. S18 Handle and open container with care. S20 When using do not eat or drink. S21 When using do not smoke. S22 Do not breathe dust. S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S24 Avoid contact with skin. S25 Avoid contact with eyes. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29 Do not empty into drains. S30 Never add water to this product. S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. (S34 Avoid shock and friction.) S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S36 Wear suitable protective clothing. S37 Wear suitable gloves. S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. S39 Wear eye/face protection. S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S41 In case of fire and/or explosion, do not breathe fumes. S42 During fumigation/spraying, wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S43 In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk, add - Never use water). (S44 If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).) S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S48 Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). S49 Keep only in the original container. S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S51 Use only in well-ventilated areas. S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. (S54 Obtain the consent of pollution control authorities before discharging to wastewater treatment plants.) (S55 Treat using the best available techniques before discharge into drains or the aquatic environment.) S56 Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. S57 Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. (S58 To be disposed of as hazardous waste.) S59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. S62 If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.         Combination of S-Phrases     S1/2 Keep locked up and out of reach of children. S3/7 Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. (S3/9 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place.) (S3/7/9 Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.) S3/9/14 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S3/9/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. S3/9/14/49   S3/14 Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry. S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. S20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/39 Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S36/37/39   S47/49 Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S7/47 Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ...0C (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29/56 Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. ANNEX 4. List of Substances with Risk and Safety Phrases Used in the Countries of EU MEANING OF NOTES A - G Note A Where a substance is listed under a generic name (e.g. `...compounds' or `...salts') the correct chemical name should be stated on the label. For example for BeCl2: Beryllium chloride Note B Some substances (acids, bases, etc.) are placed on the market in aqueous solutions at various concentrations and therefore require different labelling since hazards vary at different concentrations. The entries with Note B have a general designation of the type `...% Nitric acid'. The actual concentration of the solution is stated on the label: `45% Nitric acid.Percentages always refer to weight ratio, unless otherwise stated. Additional data (e.g. specific gravity, Baumé values) or descriptions (e.g. glacial, fuming) are permitted. Note C Some organic substances may be in a specific isomeric form or as a mixture of isomers with a general designation. In this case the label states clearly whether the substance is a specific isomer or a mixture of isomers. For example `Xylene' is specified: `o-Xylene' or `Xylene, m Note D Some substances which polymerize readily or decompose spontaneously are normally placed on the market in a stabilized form. However, such substances are sometimes placed on the market in a non-stabilized form. This must be stated on the label with the name of the substance: Methacrylic acid (non-stabilized)'. Note E Substances with specific effects on human health (classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction) if they are also classified as `Very toxic (T+)', `Toxic (T)' or `Harmful (Xn)'. The word also shall precede the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28 when in a combination, for example:R45-23: May cause cancer. Also toxic by inhalation R46-27/28: May cause heritable genetic damage. Also very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. Note F The substance may contain a stabilizer. If the stabilizer changes the hazardous properties of the substance as listed, a label must be compiled in accordance with rules for the resulting hazardous preparations. Note G The substance may be marketed in an explosive form in which case it must be assessed using the appropriate test methods and the label should reflect its explosive property.   ANNEX 5. IARC List of Cancer Causing Chemicals WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER LISTS OF IARC EVALUATIONS ACCORDING TO IARC MONOGRAPHS IARC, Lyon 1993 `Occupational sources' column edited by IPCS, Geneva, 1993 Any comments related to the IARC Monographs should be sent to Dr. H. Vainio, Chief Unit of Carcinogen Identification and Evaluation, International Agency for Research on Cancer Address: 150 cours Albert Thomas 69372 Lyon Cedex 08 France Group 1 The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being probably carcinogenic to humans. Group 2B The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being possibly carcinogenic to humans. Group 1: CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Aflatoxins (1993)a 1402-68-2 Feedstuff contaminants, mycotoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl 92-67-1 Rubber manufacture Arsenic and arsenic compoundsb 7440-38-2 Drug, pesticide Asbestos 1332-21-4 Roofing, friction material Azathioprine 446-86-6 Drug Benzene 71-43-2 Solvent, raw material Benzidine 92-87-5 Raw material, impurity Beryllium and beryllium compoundsd 7440-41-7 Raw material, electronics industry N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (Chlornaphazine) 494-03-1 Drug Bis(chloromethyl)ether and 542-88-1 Laboratory chemical chloromethyl methyl ether (technical-grade) 107-30-2   1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Myleran) 55-98-1 Antineoplastic agent Cadmium and cadmium compoundsd 7440-43-9 Raw material Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Antineoplastic agent 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1- nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) 13909-09-6 Antineoplastic agent Chromium(VI) compounds (1990)   Pigment manufacturing Ciclosporin (1990) 79217-60-0 Drug Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Antineoplastic agent Diethylstilboestrol 56-53-1 Drug Erionite 66733-21-9 Natural mineral fibre Melphalan 148-82-3 Antineoplastic agent 8-Methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen) plus ultraviolet radiation 298-81-7 Dermatological drug MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents   Antineoplastic agents Mustard gas (Sulfur mustard) 505-60-2 War gas 2-Naphthylamine 91-59-8 Dye manufacturing Nickel compounds (1990)   Pigment, batteries, impurity Oestrogen replacement therapy   Hormones Oestrogens, nonsteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oestrogens, oesteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oral contraceptives, combinedc   Hormones Oral contraceptives, sequential   Hormones Radon and its decay products (1988) 10043-92-2 Mining Solar radiation (1992)     Talc containing asbest-form fibres   Extenders in paints and ceramic products Thiotepa (1990) 52-24-4 Antineoplastic agent Treosulfan 299-75-2 Antineoplastic agent Vinyl chloride (monomer) 75-01-4 Plastic industry Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Alcoholic beverages (1988)     Analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin   Drugs Betel quid with tobacco     Coal-tar pitches 65996-93-2 Raw material Coal-tars 8007-45-2 Drug, raw material Mineral oils, untreated and mildly treated   Use of crude oil distillates Salted fish (Chinese-style) (1993)     Shale-oils 68308-34-9   Soots     Tobacco products, smokeless     Tobacco smoke     Group 2 A: PROBABLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 Raw material Adriamycind 23214-92-8 Antineoplastic agent Androgenic (anabolic) steroids   Drugs Azacitidine (1990)d 320-67-2 Antineoplastic agent Benz[a]anthracened 56-55-3 Impurity Benzidine-based dyesd   Dyes Benzo[a]pyrened 50-32-8 Impurity Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) 154-93-8 Antineoplastic agent 1,3-Butadiene (1992) 106-9-90 Manufacture of synthetic rubber Captafol (1991)d 2425-06-1 Fungicides, pesticides /1.,pp.927-1616/ Chloramphenicol (1990)d 56-75-7 Antibiotics 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-     1-nitrosourea (CCNU)d 13010-47-4 Antineoplastic agent para-Chloro-ortho-toluidine and     its strong acid salts (1990)d 95-69-2 Synthesis of organic dyestuffs Chlorozotocin (1990)d 54749-90-5 Antineoplastic agent Cisplatind 15663-27-1 Antineoplastic agent Dibenz[a,h]anthracened 53-70-3 Coal-tar Diethyl sulfate (1992)d 64-67-5 Raw material, laboratories Dimethylcarbamoyl chlorided 79-44-7 Laboratories Dimethyl sulfated 77-78-1 Raw material, laboratories Epichlorohydrind 106-89-8 Epoxyresin products, raw material, laboratories Ethylene dibromided 106-93-4 Soil fumigant, leaded gasoline Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 Pesticide, intermediate N-Ethyl-N-nitrosouread 759-73-9 Laboratory synthesis of diazoethane Formaldehyde 50-00-0 Preservative, disinfectant, textile, wood/timber industry, raw material IQd (2-Amino-3-methylimid-     azo[4,5-f]-quinoline) (1993) 76180-96-6 Grilled fish and meat 5-Methoxypsoralend 484-20-8 Dermatological agent 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)     (MOCA) (1993)101-14-4   Polyurethane industry, curing agent N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)d 70-25-7 Laboratory agent N-Methyl-N-nitrosouread 684-93-5 Laboratory synthesis of diazomethane Nitrogen mustard 51-75-2 Basis for some antineoplastic agents N-Nitrosodiethylamined 55-18-5 Laboratories N-Nitrosodimethylamined 62-75-9 Laboratories, pollutant Phenacetin 62-44-2 Drug Procarbazine hydrochlorided 366-70-1 Antineoplastic agent Propylene oxided 75-56-9 Production of propylene glycol Silica, crystalline 14808-60-7 Ceramic industry Styrene oxide 96-09-3 Epoxy resin additive Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate 126-72-7   Ultraviolet radiation A (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation B (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation C (1992)d   Welding operation, laser Vinyl bromided 593-60-2 As an intermediate in organic synthesis, manufacture of polymers Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Creosotes 8001-58-9 Wood preservative for roofing Diesel engine exhaust (1989)     Hot mate (1991)   Beverage Non-arsenical insecticides, spraying and     Occupational exposures in application of (1991)     Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 1336-36-3 Limited application in capacitors Group 2B: POSSIBLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources A-a-C; (2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 26148-68-5 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 Manufacture of acetic acid and ethyl acetate Acetamide 60-35-5 As a solvent for organic compounds, plasticizer Acrylamide 79-06-1 Manufacture of acrylamide polymers AF-2;[2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide] 3688-53-7 Ex-food preservative Aflatoxin M1 (1993) 6795-23-9 Found in the milk cows fed toxic meals para-Aminoazobenzene 60-09-3 Dyes ortho-Aminoazotoluene 97-56-3 Dyes 2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 712-68-5 Drug Amitrole 61-82-5 Herbicide ortho-Anisidine 90-04-0 Laboratories Antimony trioxide (1989) 1309-64-4 Tartar emetic, paint pigment AramiteR 140-57-8 Pesticide Atrazine (1991) 1912-24-9 Herbicide Auramine (technical-grade) 492-80-8 Dye manufacture Azaserine 115-02-6 Antineoplastic agent Benzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 Impurity Benzo[j]fluoranthene 205-82-3 Impurity Benzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 Impurity Benzyl violet 4B 1694-09-3 Textile dye Bleomycinse 11056-06-7 Antineoplastic drug Bracken fern     Bromodichloromethane (1991) 75-27-4 Intermediate solvent Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) 25013-16-5 Food additive ß--Butyrolactone 3068-88-0 Laboratories Caffeic acid (1993) 331-39-5 Constituent of plants Carbon-black extracts   Manufacture of natural and synthetic rubber Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 Solvent, raw material Ceramic fibres (1988)   Use in manufacture of paper felts, furnace Chlordane (1991) 57-74-9 Pesticide Chlordecone (Kepone) 143-50-0 Pesticide Chlorendic acid (1990) 115-28-6 Chemical intermediate in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins a-Chlorinated toluenes   Intermediates para-Chloroaniline (1993) 106-47-8 Dye industry Chloroform 67-66-3 Solvent, raw material Chlorophenols   Fungicides, bactericides Chlorophenoxy herbicides   Herbicides 4-Chloro-ortho-phenylenediamine 95-83-0 Hair-dye component CI Acid Red 114 (1993) 6459-94-5 Dye CI Basic Red 9 (1993) 569-61-9 Dye CI Direct Blue 15 (1993) 2429-74-5 Dye Citrus Red No. 2 (CI 12156) 6358-53-8 Dye Cobalt and cobalt compounds (1991) 7440-48-4 Manufacture of magnets para-Cresidine 120-71-8 Dye manufacturing Cycasin 14901-08-7 Naturally occurring toxin, seeds, roots and leaves of cycad plants Dacarbazine 4342-03-4 Antineoplastic drug Dantron     (Chrysazin; 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) (1990) 117-10-2 Drug Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Antineoplastic agent DDT (para,para'-DDT) (1991) 50-29-3 Pesticide N,N'-Diacetylbenzidine 613-35-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminoanisole 615-05-4 Dye manufacturing, hair dye 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether 101-80-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95-80-7 Dye manufacturing, raw material, hair dye Dibenz[a,h]acridine 226-36-8 Pollutant Dibenz[a,j]acridine 224-42-0 Pollutant 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 194-59-2 Tobacco smoke Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene 192-65-4 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene 189-64-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 189-55-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene 191-30-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 Pesticide para-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 Fumigants, insecticides 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1 Raw material, dye manufacturing 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 28434-86-8 Dye, raw material 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 Solvent, raw material Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 75-09-2 Solvent 1,3-Dichloropropene (technical-grade) 542-75-6 Pesticides Dichlorvos (1991) 62-73-7 Pesticide Diepoxybutane 1464-53-5 Raw material, laboratories Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 Plastic industry 1,2-Diethylhydrazine 1615-80-1 Laboratory chemical Diglycidyl resorcinol ether 101-90-6 Epoxy resin, aircraft equipment industry Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Chemical intermediate for manufacture of piperonyl butoxide Diisopropyl sulfate (1992) 2973-10-6 Manufacturing of isopropanol 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (ortho-Dianisidine) 119-90-4 Dye, laboratories para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 60-11-7 Dye, laboratories trans-2-[(Dimethylamino)methylimino]-5-[2-(5-nitro-     2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole 25962-77-0 Limited usage as a pharmaceutical 2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine) (1993) 87-62-7 Synthesis of other chemicals 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine (ortho-Tolidine) 119-93-7 Dye, laboratories Dimethylformamide (1989) 68-12-2 Solvent for liquids and organic compounds 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 57-14-7 Rocket fuel formulations, chemical synthesis 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 540-73-8 Chemical intermediate 1,6-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-64-8 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,8-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-65-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 Raw material, solvent Disperse Blue 1 (1990) 2475-45-8 Dye, hair dye Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 As a component of solution for coating textiles, paper and leather Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 Raw material, laboratories, rubber industry Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Laboratories 2-(2-Formylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole 3570-75-0 No use Glasswool (1988)     Glu-P-1 (2-Amino-6-     methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-11-4 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glu-P-2 (2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-10-3 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glycidaldehyde 765-34-4 Acrolein metabolite Griseofulvin 126-07-8 Antibiotic drug, veterinary medicine HC Blue No. 1 (1993) 2784-94-3 Hair dye Heptachlor (1991) 76-44-8 Pesticide Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 Fungicide Hexachlorocyclohexanes   Pesticide Hexamethylphosphoramide 680-31-9 Solvent Hydrazine 302-01-2 Raw material Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 193-39-5 Tobacco smoke, inhalation of polluted air Iron-dextran complex 9004-66-4 Drug Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Used medicinally as an emetic and in the treatment of snake bites Lead [7439-92-1] and lead compounds, inorganic Manufacture of pipes, cable sheating /1.,p.1200/   Magenta (containing CI Basic Red 9) (1993) 632-99-5 Dyes and dyestuff MeA-a-C (2-Amino-3-methyl-     9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 68006-83-7 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Medroxyprogesterone acetate 71-58-9 Hormones, pharmaceutical industry MeIQ (1993)     (2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) 77094-11-2 Grilled beef and fish MeIQx (1993)     (2-Amino 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) 77500-04-0 Fried fish and beef Merphalan 531-76-0 Antineoplastic agent 2-Methylaziridine 75-55-8 Intermediate Methylazoxymethanol acetate 592-62-1 Cancer research 5-Methylchrysene 3697-24-3 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) 838-88-0 Dye manufacture 4,4'-Methylenedianiline     (4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane) 101-77-9 Production of isocyanates and polyisocyanates Methylmercury compounds (1993)     Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Produced for research purposes 2-Methyl-1-nitroanthraquinone (uncertain purity) 129-15-7 Dye intermediate N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane 615-53-2 Laboratory chemical Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Antineoplastic agent Metronidazole 443-48-1 Drug Mirex 2385-85-5 Pesticides Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Antineoplastic agent Monocrotaline 315-22-0 Consumptions of extracts of crotalaria species as bush teas 5-(Morpholinomethyl)-     3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone 3795-88-8 Former drug Nafenopin 3771-19-5 Drug Nickel, metallic (1990) 7440-02-0 Manufacture of acid-resisting and magnetic alloys Nitridazole 61-57-4 Drug Nitrilotriacetic acid and its salts (1990) 139-13-9 Softener in cleaning agents and phosphate substitute in detergents 5-Nitroacenaphthene 602-87-9 Diesel exhaust 6-Nitrochrysene (1989) 7496-02-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes Nitrofen, technical-grade 1836-75-5 Herbicide 2-Nitrofluorene (1989) 607-57-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes 1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-imidazolidinone 555-84-0 Former drug N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide 531-82-8 Analgesics, anti-inflammatory agent Nitrogen mustard N-oxide 126-85-2 Intermediate in production of antineoplastic drugs 2-Nitropropane 79-46-9 Use in vinyl epoxy paints, printing inks, adhesives 1-Nitropyrene (1989) 5522-43-0 Diesel engine exhaust fumes 4-Nitropyrene (1989) 57835-92-4 Laboratory chemical N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3   N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 Isolated from cosmetic products N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 621-64-7 Isolated in some pesticides 3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile 60153-49-3 Constitutent of betel nut 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone     (NNK) 64091-91-4 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine 4549-40-0 Apple brandy N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 Rubber industry N'-Nitrosonornicotine 16543-55-8 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 Fried meat and fish, rubber N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 Tobacco smoke, fried meat and fish N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 Fried meat Ochratoxin A (1993) 303-47-9 Mycotoxin Oil Orange SS 2646-17-5 Dye Panfuran S, containing dihydroxymethylfuratrizine 794-93-4 Drug Pentachlorophenol (1991) 87-86-5 Pesticide Phenazopyridine hydrochloride 136-40-3 Drug Phenobarbital 50-06-6 Drug Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride 63-92-3 Drug Phenyl glycidyl ether (1989) 122-60-1 Epoxy compounds Phenytoin 57-41-0 Drug PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-     6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) (1993) 105650-23-5 Cooked food, tobacco smoke Ponceau MX 3761-53-3 Dye Ponceau 3R 3564-09-8 Dye Potassium bromate 7758-01-2 Flour milling industries as additive to improve baking properties Progestins   Drugs 1,3-Propane sultone 1120-71-4 Sulfopropylation of organic compounds ß-Propiolactone 57-57-8 Used in organic synthesis, vapour sterilizer, disinfectant Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Antineoplastic agent Rockwool (1988)     Saccharin 81-07-2 Artificial sweeteners Safrole 94-59-7 Parfumery, soaps, flavouring agent in drugs Slagwool (1988)     Sodium ortho-phenylphenate 132-27-4 Fungicide Sterigmatocystin 10048-13-2 Mycotoxin Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Drug Styrenee 100-42-5 Solvent, raw material Sulfallate 95-06-7 Herbicide 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) 1746-01-6 By-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 Dry cleaning Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Use as an analytical reagent in the laboratory 4,4'-Thiodianiline 139-65-1 Dye intermediate Thiourea 62-56-6 Photocopying, raw material Toluene diisocyanates 26471-62-5 Manufacture of elastomers of polyuretane ortho-Toluidine 95-53-4 Dye Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride) (1990) 817-09-4 Antineoplastic agent Trp-P-1     (3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-06-0 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trp-P-2     (3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-07-1 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trypan blue 72-57-1 Dye Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Antineoplastic agent Urethane 51-79-6 Raw material Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Bitumens, extracts of steam-refined and air-refined 8052-42-4   Carrageenan, degraded 9000-07-1 Food additive Chlorinated paraffins of average carbon chain length C12     and average degree of chlorination approximately 60% (1990)     Coffee (urinary bladder) (1991)     Diesel fuel, marinee (1989)     Engine exhaust, gasoline (1989)     Fuel oils, residual (heavy) (1989)     Gasolinee (1989)     Pickled vegetables (traditional in Asia) (1993)     Polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6) 59536-65-1 Flame retardant Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes) 8001-35-2 Pesticide Toxins derived from Fusarium moniliforme (1993)   Mycotoxins Welding fumes (1990)     ANNEX 6. List of chemicals banned or severely restricted to certain uses owing to their effects on health and the environment in the countries of EU Chemical CAS Number Use category Use limitation MERCURIC OXIDE 21908-53-2 P SR MERCUROUS CHLORIDE 10112-91-1 P SR OTHER INORGANIC MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALKYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P SR ALKOXYALKYL AND ARYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALDRIN 309-00-2 P SR CHLORDANE 57-74-9 P B DIELDRIN 60-57-1 P B DDT 50-29-3 P B ENDRIN 72-20-8 P SR HCH (contains < 99% gamma isomer) 608-73-1 P B HEPTACHLOR 74-44-8 P B HEXACHLOROBENZENE 118-74-1 P B CAMPHECHLOR (TOXAPHENE) 8001-35-2 P B POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB), except MONO- and DICHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 1336-36-3 I B POLYCHLORINATED TERPHENYLS (PCT) 61788-33-8 I B PREPARATIONS with a PCB or PCT content higher than 0.01% by weight   I B TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) PHOSPHATE 126-72-7 I SR TRIS-AZIRIDINYL-PHOSPHIOXIDE 545-55-1 I SR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBB) CROCIDOLITE 12001-28-4 I SR NITROFEN 1836-75-5 P B 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE 106-93-4 P B 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE 107-06-2 P B AMOSITE 12172-73-5   B ANTHOPHYLLITE ASBESTOS 77536-67-5   B ACTINOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-66-4   B TREMOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-68-6   B CADMIUM and its compounds 7440-43-9   R 2-NAPHTYLAMINE and its salts 91-59-8   B 4-AMINOPHENYL and its salts 92-67-1   B BENZIDINE and its salts 92-87-5   B 4-NITROPHENYL 92-93-3   B LEGEND: Use category: P: plant-protection product I: industrial chemical Use limitation: SR: severe restriction B: ban R: restrictions Continue to Annex VII

Employer must ensure that labels and other forms of warning are in English and may add other languages if appropriate.

This document consists of: symbols and indications of danger used in the countries of EU standard risk phrases (R-phrases) used in the countries of EU standard safety advice phrases (S-phrases) used in the countries of EU list of dangerous substances with the classification and labelling requirements IARC list of cancer causing substances, carcinogens list of some substances and products which are subject to a ban or restrictions in EU countries United Nations list of hazard classes for transport of dangerous goods 2. Identification and Classification The objective is to identify the hazardous properties of chemicals which may constitute a risk during normal handling or use, risks to health, property or the environment. The user of the chemicals is also to be introduced to the hazards they present and given the basic information, in a suitable manner, such as using a properly made label. In this document one component chemical is called a substance, a mixture composed of two or more substances is called a preparation. For classification purposes the degree of hazard depends not only on the properties of a dangerous substance but also on the level of exposure. This refers to the concentration of hazardous components in the mixtures. The hazards of preparations can be assessed using the information on their component substances; for this it is essential to know also the quantities of its hazardous minor components. The EU classification and labelling system used here as an example can be applied to dangerous substances and preparations. However, this system should not be applied to medical or veterinary products, cosmetics, munitions or explosives, pesticides specified elsewhere, waste and foodstuffs or animal feedstuffs in the finished stage. These have their own specifications and requirements for labelling. 3. What is a hazardous chemical The following properties contribute to risk to health resulting from acute, repeated or prolonged exposure: very toxic or toxic harmful corrosive irritant cancer causing hazards to reproduction can cause non-heritable birth defects sensitizing Fire and explosion hazards may be classified as follows explosive oxidizing extremely flammable, highly flammable or flammable The following properties present a hazard to the environment and are: toxic to living organisms persistent in the environment bioaccumulation Also substances and preparations that cannot be classified by using the above system may be regarded as dangerous if they have properties which are hazardous to health, to living organisms or if they can damage property. 4. How to pass on the information to users All chemicals, both substances and preparations, should have a clear marking to indicate their identity. The packages and containers of dangerous substances and preparations should, in addition to marking only, to have a label with required information. The label should draw attention to the inherent danger to persons handling or using the chemical. Symbols and pictograms have been established for each hazard category listed above. The symbol forms an integral part of the label and gives an immediate idea of the types of hazards that the substance or the preparation may cause. To specify the type of danger pertinent standard risk phrases should also be included in the label. Advice on the precautions necessary in the handling of chemicals are given with standard safety phrases also included in the label. 5. Where to find information about hazardous chemicals The chemical supplier, manufacturer or importer, should be able to provide detailed information and a Safety Data Sheet. In certain countries, such as those of the EU, the manufacturer or importer has the obligation to find and give adequate information about a chemical for assessment of the health and environmental hazards of his chemical for handling and for its labelling. Safety data sheets have been prepared on many dangerous substances and preparations by manufacturers. These should go together with the product to the occupational user. The information in these is not always validated or checked. On pure substances International Chemical Safety Cards are available. These contain validated basic information, which may be used also for preparing safety data sheets on chemical preparations or products. Lists of classified chemicals exist in national legislation and regulations which provide information on local requirements in the handling of dangerous chemicals. The information for classification, and labels, may be obtained from tests, from literature, from practical experience and from information requirements by international rules on the transport of dangerous substances and wastes. 6. How to classify for a label The label is the basic tool to keep the user informed on the classification and the most important safety precautions. This information must be given if the preparation contains at least one substance classified as dangerous to man or the environment or if the preparation is otherwise regarded as dangerous, for example it is flammable. In EU countries the label must clearly show the trade name the name and the address, including telephone number, of the manufacturer, the importer or the distributor the chemical name of the substance (in the case of a preparation, the chemical names of the hazardous components) danger symbols risk phrases (R-phrases) safety phrases (S-phrases) the quantity of the contents of the package or container The labels should be in the national, official language(s). The label should show the chemical names of substances that are primarily responsible for the hazards. As a general rule four chemical names on the label should be sufficient. In some cases, more than four names may be necessary; for example all cancer causing substances in the preparation must be identified and the corresponding R- and S-phrases presented on the label. If the preparation contains one or more of the substances requiring the following R-phrases, both the name of the substance and the R-phrase should be mentioned in the label: R33, R39, R40, R42, R43, R45, R46, R48, R49, R60, R61, R62, R63, R64 These risks phrases are related to carcinogenic, genetic, reproductive, sensitizing and irreversible health hazards. Four R-phrases and four S-phrases should suffice to describe the risks and to formulate the most appropriate safety advice. Symbols showing the most serious hazards should be chosen where more than one danger symbol has to be assigned. As a general rule a maximum of two danger symbols are used. The explanation of the letter symbols appearing in the attached lists are given below. Each letter symbol refers to a danger symbol or pictogram used in EU countries: Letter Symbol Explanation E explosive This symbol with the word 'explosive' denotes a substance which may explode under the effect of a flame or if subjected to shocks or friction. O oxidizing The symbol with the word 'oxidizing' refers to a substance which releases a lot of heat while it reacts with other substances, particularly flammable substances. F highly flammable This symbol with the words 'highly flammable' denotes a substance which may become hot and finally ignite in contact with air at ambient temperature or is a solid and may readily set on fire after brief contact with the source of ignition and which continues to burn/to be consumed by chemical reaction after removal of the source of ignition. If it is gas it may burn in air at normal pressure. In contact with water or damp air the substance may release highly flammable gases in dangerous quantities. F+ extremely flammable The same flammable symbol as above with words 'extremely flammable' denotes e.g. a liquid which would boil at body temperature and would ignite if vapours are exposed to a flame. T toxic The symbol with skull and crossed bones with the word 'toxic' denotes a highly hazardous substance. T+ very toxic The same symbol as above with the words 'very toxic' is used to label a substance, which, if inhaled or ingested or, if it penetrates the skin, may involve extremely serious immediate or long-term health risks and even death. C corrosive The symbol with the word 'corrosive' will be found on a label of a substance which may destroy living tissues on contact with them. Severe burns may result from splashes of such substance. Xn harmful (less than T) The symbol with word 'harmful' denotes to substances which may cause health hazards less than toxic. It could refer to other types of risks e.g. to allergic reactions. Xi irritant (less than C) The same symbol as above with the word 'irritant'. N dangerous for the environment   When more than one danger symbol is used the obligation to apply symbol T or T+ will make symbols C, Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol C will make symbols Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol E will make symbols F and O optional If a preparation is classified both harmful Xn and irritant Xi, it will be labelled harmful Xn, and the irritant properties should be pointed out with appropriate R-phrases. The total amount of the substance in the preparation has an effect in choosing the danger symbols, R- and S-phrases. (Annex 8) Generally, no account needs to be taken of substances if they are present in following amounts, unless another lower limit has been specifically given: less than 0.1% by weight for substances classified as very toxic T+, or toxic T less than 1% for substances classified as harmful Xn, corrosive C, irritant Xi, Information such as "non-toxic", "not harmful" should not be used in the labels. The pictorial symbol indicating danger is drawn in black and the background colour should be orange. The dimensions of the label:  Capacity of the package Minimum dimensions in millimeters Not exceeding three litres 52x74 more than three litres but not exceeding 50 litres 74x105 more than 50 litres but not exceeding 500 litres 105x148 more than 500 litres 148x210 Each danger symbol must cover at least 1/10 of the surface area of the label. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm. Example 1. Classification of a substance 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (synonym name: methyl chloroform), used as solvent is classified as harmful Xn and dangerous to the environment N, with following R-phrases and S-phrases R 20 Harmful by inhalation. R 59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. S 2 Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheets. The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of being noticed too as substances classified toxic. Example 2. Classification of a preparation: A preparation used for degreasing metal parts contains following dangerous components:  Dangerous substance % Symbol Risk phrases Safety phrases TrichloroethyleneXylene (flash point over 21oC) Ethanol 23 67 8 Xn Xn F 40-52/5310-20/21-38 11 (2-)23-36/37-61(2-)25 (2-)7-16 Preparation   Xn 10-20/21-38-40-52/53 (2-)23-25-36/37-61 Ethanol is present below the classification level. The R and S-phrases corresponding to the number codes are: R 10 Flammable. R 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 38 Irritating to skin. R 40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R 52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 23 Do not breathe vapour. S 25 Avoid contact with eyes. S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 61 Avoid the release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheet. 7. How to compile a label The name, symbol, the risk phrases of the classified substance and the phrases for safety precaution are in Annex 4. The key to have the symbol picture is in Annex 1. The key to have a sentence in words is for the risk phrases in Annex 2. and for the safety phrases in Annex 3. Toluene is classified in International Chemical Safety Cards: See the Cards by CAS Number, in alphabetical order or by risk phrases. Substance CAS number Symbol Risk phrase Safety phrase TOLUENE 108-88-3 F, Xn 11-20 (2-)16-25-29-33 TOLUENE Highly flammable Harmful by inhalation F Highly flammable Xn Harmful   Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Avoid contact with eyes. Do not empty into drains. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Name and address of the manufacturer, distributor or importer. HAZARD CATEGORIES OF SELECTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS  HAZARD CATEGORIES ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA PHYSICAL HAZARDS compressed gasflammable explosive oxidizing reactive corrosive (materials) - + + + + + + + + + + + n + + + + n n + + + + n + + + + + + HEALTH HAZARDS toxic (acute)*toxic (other) irritant corrosive (tissues) sensitizer carcinogen reproductive effects** mutagen + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + SPECIAL HAZARDS environmentradioactive infectious miscellaneous*** - - - - + + + + + n n n n n n n n n n n LEGEND: + : defined category n : defined under other legislation or code - : not defined * : includes oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity ** : includes reproductive and developmental toxicity *** : specific to UN RTDG; included in national transport legislation DEFINITIONS OF DATA COMPONENTS IN LABELS IN DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS COMPONENTS ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA FORMAT none defined size of labels varies with transport mode. Minimum label dimensions are defined for different package capacities; contrasted danger symbols and background (black on yellow background); language must be that of the country where the product is put on market. none defined 1. Supplier label:must appear on all controlled products received at work-places; required information must be set aside from sales information; surrounded by WHMIS border; must be printed in contrasting colours; must have all texts in English and French. 2. Workplace label: must appear on all products produced in a workplace or transferred to other containers by the employer; may appear in placard form on products received in bulk. DATA ELEMENTS 1. Trade name2. Chemical identity 3. Supplier identi- fication. 4. Hazard symbols 5. Risk phrases 6. Safety phrases 7. Batch identifica- tion. 8. Reference to ex- isting CSDS. 9. Hazard classifi- cation. not mandated.The UN RTDG label defines hazards by the use of symbols, colours and danger warning words for specific hazards (explosive, radioactive, corrosive, etc.). 1. Chemical identity2. Hazard symbol and indication of danger. 3. Risk phrases 4. Safety phrases 5. Supplier identification (full address and tel. No.). 6. EEC number if allocated 7. the wording "EEC label" where appropriate. 1. Chemical identity2. Supplier identi- fication 3. Appropriate hazard warnings. Employer must ensure that labels and other forms of warning are in English and may add other languages if appropriate. 1. Supplier label:-product identifier -supplier identification. -reference to existing CSDS. -hazard symbols; and for containers over 100 ml: -risk and safety phrases. -first aid measures 2. Workplace label: -product identifier -information for the safe handling of the products -reference to an existing CSDS. -may contain WHMIS hazard symbols or other pictograms. OTHER REQUIREMENTS Legibility, durability and size, uniformity of labels and symbols, including colours.In general, all containers of hazardous chemicals should at least indicate the hazards of the contents through appropriate wording or symbols. Placarding of transport units is defined, including form, minimum size and colour of placards.   ANSI Standard Z-129.1.1988 defines acceptable precautionary phrases and hazard symbols. Chemical name may be replaced by generic name or number in the case of products covered by provisions on exemption for confidential business information. ANNEX 1. Symbols and Indications of Danger Used in the Countries of EU E O Explosive Oxidizing F F+ Highly flammable Extremely flammable T T+ Toxic Very toxic Xn Xi Harmful Irritant C N Corrosive Dangerous for environment ANNEX 2. Risk Phrases Used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. Nature of Special Risks Attributed to Dangerous Substances and Preparations R1 Explosive when dry. R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds. R5 Heating may cause an explosion. R6 Explosive with or without contact with air. R7 May cause fire. R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material. R10 Flammable. R11 Highly flammable. R12 Extremely flammable. (R13 Extremely flammable liquified gas.) R14 Reacts violently with water. R15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases. R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances. R17 Spontaneously flammable in air. R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. R19 May form explosive peroxides. R20 Harmful by inhalation. R21 Harmful in contact with skin. R22 Harmful if swallowed. R23 Toxic by inhalation. R24 Toxic in contact with skin. R25 Toxic if swallowed. R26 Very toxic by inhalation. R27 Very toxic in contact with skin. R28 Very toxic if swallowed. R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gases. R30 Can become highly flammable in use. R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. R33 Danger of cumulative effects. R34 Causes burns. R35 Causes severe burns. R36 Irritating to eyes. R37 Irritating to respiratory system. R38 Irritating to skin. R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects. R40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes. R42 May cause sensitization by inhalation. R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact. R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. R45 May cause cancer. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage. (R47 May cause birth defects.) R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. R49 May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 Toxic to flora. R55 Toxic to fauna. R56 Toxic to soil organisms. R57 Toxic to bees. R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 May impair fertility. R61 May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility. R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed Combination of R-Phrases R14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating highly flammable gases. R15/29 Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas. R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/26/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation. R40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin. R40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed. R40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. ANNEX 3. Safety Phrases Concerning Dangerous Chemical Substances and Preparations used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. S1 Keep locked up. S2 Keep out of the reach of children. S3 Keep in a cool place. S4 Keep away from living quarters. S5 Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). S6 Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). S7 Keep container tightly closed. S8 Keep container dry. S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S12 Do not keep container sealed. S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. S14 Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S15 Keep away from heat. S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S17 Keep away from combustible material. S18 Handle and open container with care. S20 When using do not eat or drink. S21 When using do not smoke. S22 Do not breathe dust. S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S24 Avoid contact with skin. S25 Avoid contact with eyes. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29 Do not empty into drains. S30 Never add water to this product. S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. (S34 Avoid shock and friction.) S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S36 Wear suitable protective clothing. S37 Wear suitable gloves. S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. S39 Wear eye/face protection. S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S41 In case of fire and/or explosion, do not breathe fumes. S42 During fumigation/spraying, wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S43 In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk, add - Never use water). (S44 If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).) S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S48 Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). S49 Keep only in the original container. S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S51 Use only in well-ventilated areas. S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. (S54 Obtain the consent of pollution control authorities before discharging to wastewater treatment plants.) (S55 Treat using the best available techniques before discharge into drains or the aquatic environment.) S56 Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. S57 Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. (S58 To be disposed of as hazardous waste.) S59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. S62 If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.         Combination of S-Phrases     S1/2 Keep locked up and out of reach of children. S3/7 Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. (S3/9 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place.) (S3/7/9 Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.) S3/9/14 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S3/9/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. S3/9/14/49   S3/14 Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry. S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. S20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/39 Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S36/37/39   S47/49 Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S7/47 Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ...0C (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29/56 Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. ANNEX 4. List of Substances with Risk and Safety Phrases Used in the Countries of EU MEANING OF NOTES A - G Note A Where a substance is listed under a generic name (e.g. `...compounds' or `...salts') the correct chemical name should be stated on the label. For example for BeCl2: Beryllium chloride Note B Some substances (acids, bases, etc.) are placed on the market in aqueous solutions at various concentrations and therefore require different labelling since hazards vary at different concentrations. The entries with Note B have a general designation of the type `...% Nitric acid'. The actual concentration of the solution is stated on the label: `45% Nitric acid.Percentages always refer to weight ratio, unless otherwise stated. Additional data (e.g. specific gravity, Baumé values) or descriptions (e.g. glacial, fuming) are permitted. Note C Some organic substances may be in a specific isomeric form or as a mixture of isomers with a general designation. In this case the label states clearly whether the substance is a specific isomer or a mixture of isomers. For example `Xylene' is specified: `o-Xylene' or `Xylene, m Note D Some substances which polymerize readily or decompose spontaneously are normally placed on the market in a stabilized form. However, such substances are sometimes placed on the market in a non-stabilized form. This must be stated on the label with the name of the substance: Methacrylic acid (non-stabilized)'. Note E Substances with specific effects on human health (classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction) if they are also classified as `Very toxic (T+)', `Toxic (T)' or `Harmful (Xn)'. The word also shall precede the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28 when in a combination, for example:R45-23: May cause cancer. Also toxic by inhalation R46-27/28: May cause heritable genetic damage. Also very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. Note F The substance may contain a stabilizer. If the stabilizer changes the hazardous properties of the substance as listed, a label must be compiled in accordance with rules for the resulting hazardous preparations. Note G The substance may be marketed in an explosive form in which case it must be assessed using the appropriate test methods and the label should reflect its explosive property.   ANNEX 5. IARC List of Cancer Causing Chemicals WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER LISTS OF IARC EVALUATIONS ACCORDING TO IARC MONOGRAPHS IARC, Lyon 1993 `Occupational sources' column edited by IPCS, Geneva, 1993 Any comments related to the IARC Monographs should be sent to Dr. H. Vainio, Chief Unit of Carcinogen Identification and Evaluation, International Agency for Research on Cancer Address: 150 cours Albert Thomas 69372 Lyon Cedex 08 France Group 1 The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being probably carcinogenic to humans. Group 2B The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being possibly carcinogenic to humans. Group 1: CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Aflatoxins (1993)a 1402-68-2 Feedstuff contaminants, mycotoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl 92-67-1 Rubber manufacture Arsenic and arsenic compoundsb 7440-38-2 Drug, pesticide Asbestos 1332-21-4 Roofing, friction material Azathioprine 446-86-6 Drug Benzene 71-43-2 Solvent, raw material Benzidine 92-87-5 Raw material, impurity Beryllium and beryllium compoundsd 7440-41-7 Raw material, electronics industry N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (Chlornaphazine) 494-03-1 Drug Bis(chloromethyl)ether and 542-88-1 Laboratory chemical chloromethyl methyl ether (technical-grade) 107-30-2   1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Myleran) 55-98-1 Antineoplastic agent Cadmium and cadmium compoundsd 7440-43-9 Raw material Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Antineoplastic agent 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1- nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) 13909-09-6 Antineoplastic agent Chromium(VI) compounds (1990)   Pigment manufacturing Ciclosporin (1990) 79217-60-0 Drug Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Antineoplastic agent Diethylstilboestrol 56-53-1 Drug Erionite 66733-21-9 Natural mineral fibre Melphalan 148-82-3 Antineoplastic agent 8-Methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen) plus ultraviolet radiation 298-81-7 Dermatological drug MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents   Antineoplastic agents Mustard gas (Sulfur mustard) 505-60-2 War gas 2-Naphthylamine 91-59-8 Dye manufacturing Nickel compounds (1990)   Pigment, batteries, impurity Oestrogen replacement therapy   Hormones Oestrogens, nonsteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oestrogens, oesteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oral contraceptives, combinedc   Hormones Oral contraceptives, sequential   Hormones Radon and its decay products (1988) 10043-92-2 Mining Solar radiation (1992)     Talc containing asbest-form fibres   Extenders in paints and ceramic products Thiotepa (1990) 52-24-4 Antineoplastic agent Treosulfan 299-75-2 Antineoplastic agent Vinyl chloride (monomer) 75-01-4 Plastic industry Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Alcoholic beverages (1988)     Analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin   Drugs Betel quid with tobacco     Coal-tar pitches 65996-93-2 Raw material Coal-tars 8007-45-2 Drug, raw material Mineral oils, untreated and mildly treated   Use of crude oil distillates Salted fish (Chinese-style) (1993)     Shale-oils 68308-34-9   Soots     Tobacco products, smokeless     Tobacco smoke     Group 2 A: PROBABLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 Raw material Adriamycind 23214-92-8 Antineoplastic agent Androgenic (anabolic) steroids   Drugs Azacitidine (1990)d 320-67-2 Antineoplastic agent Benz[a]anthracened 56-55-3 Impurity Benzidine-based dyesd   Dyes Benzo[a]pyrened 50-32-8 Impurity Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) 154-93-8 Antineoplastic agent 1,3-Butadiene (1992) 106-9-90 Manufacture of synthetic rubber Captafol (1991)d 2425-06-1 Fungicides, pesticides /1.,pp.927-1616/ Chloramphenicol (1990)d 56-75-7 Antibiotics 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-     1-nitrosourea (CCNU)d 13010-47-4 Antineoplastic agent para-Chloro-ortho-toluidine and     its strong acid salts (1990)d 95-69-2 Synthesis of organic dyestuffs Chlorozotocin (1990)d 54749-90-5 Antineoplastic agent Cisplatind 15663-27-1 Antineoplastic agent Dibenz[a,h]anthracened 53-70-3 Coal-tar Diethyl sulfate (1992)d 64-67-5 Raw material, laboratories Dimethylcarbamoyl chlorided 79-44-7 Laboratories Dimethyl sulfated 77-78-1 Raw material, laboratories Epichlorohydrind 106-89-8 Epoxyresin products, raw material, laboratories Ethylene dibromided 106-93-4 Soil fumigant, leaded gasoline Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 Pesticide, intermediate N-Ethyl-N-nitrosouread 759-73-9 Laboratory synthesis of diazoethane Formaldehyde 50-00-0 Preservative, disinfectant, textile, wood/timber industry, raw material IQd (2-Amino-3-methylimid-     azo[4,5-f]-quinoline) (1993) 76180-96-6 Grilled fish and meat 5-Methoxypsoralend 484-20-8 Dermatological agent 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)     (MOCA) (1993)101-14-4   Polyurethane industry, curing agent N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)d 70-25-7 Laboratory agent N-Methyl-N-nitrosouread 684-93-5 Laboratory synthesis of diazomethane Nitrogen mustard 51-75-2 Basis for some antineoplastic agents N-Nitrosodiethylamined 55-18-5 Laboratories N-Nitrosodimethylamined 62-75-9 Laboratories, pollutant Phenacetin 62-44-2 Drug Procarbazine hydrochlorided 366-70-1 Antineoplastic agent Propylene oxided 75-56-9 Production of propylene glycol Silica, crystalline 14808-60-7 Ceramic industry Styrene oxide 96-09-3 Epoxy resin additive Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate 126-72-7   Ultraviolet radiation A (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation B (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation C (1992)d   Welding operation, laser Vinyl bromided 593-60-2 As an intermediate in organic synthesis, manufacture of polymers Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Creosotes 8001-58-9 Wood preservative for roofing Diesel engine exhaust (1989)     Hot mate (1991)   Beverage Non-arsenical insecticides, spraying and     Occupational exposures in application of (1991)     Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 1336-36-3 Limited application in capacitors Group 2B: POSSIBLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources A-a-C; (2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 26148-68-5 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 Manufacture of acetic acid and ethyl acetate Acetamide 60-35-5 As a solvent for organic compounds, plasticizer Acrylamide 79-06-1 Manufacture of acrylamide polymers AF-2;[2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide] 3688-53-7 Ex-food preservative Aflatoxin M1 (1993) 6795-23-9 Found in the milk cows fed toxic meals para-Aminoazobenzene 60-09-3 Dyes ortho-Aminoazotoluene 97-56-3 Dyes 2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 712-68-5 Drug Amitrole 61-82-5 Herbicide ortho-Anisidine 90-04-0 Laboratories Antimony trioxide (1989) 1309-64-4 Tartar emetic, paint pigment AramiteR 140-57-8 Pesticide Atrazine (1991) 1912-24-9 Herbicide Auramine (technical-grade) 492-80-8 Dye manufacture Azaserine 115-02-6 Antineoplastic agent Benzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 Impurity Benzo[j]fluoranthene 205-82-3 Impurity Benzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 Impurity Benzyl violet 4B 1694-09-3 Textile dye Bleomycinse 11056-06-7 Antineoplastic drug Bracken fern     Bromodichloromethane (1991) 75-27-4 Intermediate solvent Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) 25013-16-5 Food additive ß--Butyrolactone 3068-88-0 Laboratories Caffeic acid (1993) 331-39-5 Constituent of plants Carbon-black extracts   Manufacture of natural and synthetic rubber Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 Solvent, raw material Ceramic fibres (1988)   Use in manufacture of paper felts, furnace Chlordane (1991) 57-74-9 Pesticide Chlordecone (Kepone) 143-50-0 Pesticide Chlorendic acid (1990) 115-28-6 Chemical intermediate in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins a-Chlorinated toluenes   Intermediates para-Chloroaniline (1993) 106-47-8 Dye industry Chloroform 67-66-3 Solvent, raw material Chlorophenols   Fungicides, bactericides Chlorophenoxy herbicides   Herbicides 4-Chloro-ortho-phenylenediamine 95-83-0 Hair-dye component CI Acid Red 114 (1993) 6459-94-5 Dye CI Basic Red 9 (1993) 569-61-9 Dye CI Direct Blue 15 (1993) 2429-74-5 Dye Citrus Red No. 2 (CI 12156) 6358-53-8 Dye Cobalt and cobalt compounds (1991) 7440-48-4 Manufacture of magnets para-Cresidine 120-71-8 Dye manufacturing Cycasin 14901-08-7 Naturally occurring toxin, seeds, roots and leaves of cycad plants Dacarbazine 4342-03-4 Antineoplastic drug Dantron     (Chrysazin; 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) (1990) 117-10-2 Drug Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Antineoplastic agent DDT (para,para'-DDT) (1991) 50-29-3 Pesticide N,N'-Diacetylbenzidine 613-35-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminoanisole 615-05-4 Dye manufacturing, hair dye 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether 101-80-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95-80-7 Dye manufacturing, raw material, hair dye Dibenz[a,h]acridine 226-36-8 Pollutant Dibenz[a,j]acridine 224-42-0 Pollutant 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 194-59-2 Tobacco smoke Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene 192-65-4 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene 189-64-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 189-55-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene 191-30-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 Pesticide para-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 Fumigants, insecticides 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1 Raw material, dye manufacturing 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 28434-86-8 Dye, raw material 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 Solvent, raw material Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 75-09-2 Solvent 1,3-Dichloropropene (technical-grade) 542-75-6 Pesticides Dichlorvos (1991) 62-73-7 Pesticide Diepoxybutane 1464-53-5 Raw material, laboratories Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 Plastic industry 1,2-Diethylhydrazine 1615-80-1 Laboratory chemical Diglycidyl resorcinol ether 101-90-6 Epoxy resin, aircraft equipment industry Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Chemical intermediate for manufacture of piperonyl butoxide Diisopropyl sulfate (1992) 2973-10-6 Manufacturing of isopropanol 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (ortho-Dianisidine) 119-90-4 Dye, laboratories para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 60-11-7 Dye, laboratories trans-2-[(Dimethylamino)methylimino]-5-[2-(5-nitro-     2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole 25962-77-0 Limited usage as a pharmaceutical 2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine) (1993) 87-62-7 Synthesis of other chemicals 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine (ortho-Tolidine) 119-93-7 Dye, laboratories Dimethylformamide (1989) 68-12-2 Solvent for liquids and organic compounds 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 57-14-7 Rocket fuel formulations, chemical synthesis 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 540-73-8 Chemical intermediate 1,6-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-64-8 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,8-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-65-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 Raw material, solvent Disperse Blue 1 (1990) 2475-45-8 Dye, hair dye Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 As a component of solution for coating textiles, paper and leather Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 Raw material, laboratories, rubber industry Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Laboratories 2-(2-Formylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole 3570-75-0 No use Glasswool (1988)     Glu-P-1 (2-Amino-6-     methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-11-4 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glu-P-2 (2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-10-3 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glycidaldehyde 765-34-4 Acrolein metabolite Griseofulvin 126-07-8 Antibiotic drug, veterinary medicine HC Blue No. 1 (1993) 2784-94-3 Hair dye Heptachlor (1991) 76-44-8 Pesticide Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 Fungicide Hexachlorocyclohexanes   Pesticide Hexamethylphosphoramide 680-31-9 Solvent Hydrazine 302-01-2 Raw material Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 193-39-5 Tobacco smoke, inhalation of polluted air Iron-dextran complex 9004-66-4 Drug Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Used medicinally as an emetic and in the treatment of snake bites Lead [7439-92-1] and lead compounds, inorganic Manufacture of pipes, cable sheating /1.,p.1200/   Magenta (containing CI Basic Red 9) (1993) 632-99-5 Dyes and dyestuff MeA-a-C (2-Amino-3-methyl-     9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 68006-83-7 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Medroxyprogesterone acetate 71-58-9 Hormones, pharmaceutical industry MeIQ (1993)     (2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) 77094-11-2 Grilled beef and fish MeIQx (1993)     (2-Amino 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) 77500-04-0 Fried fish and beef Merphalan 531-76-0 Antineoplastic agent 2-Methylaziridine 75-55-8 Intermediate Methylazoxymethanol acetate 592-62-1 Cancer research 5-Methylchrysene 3697-24-3 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) 838-88-0 Dye manufacture 4,4'-Methylenedianiline     (4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane) 101-77-9 Production of isocyanates and polyisocyanates Methylmercury compounds (1993)     Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Produced for research purposes 2-Methyl-1-nitroanthraquinone (uncertain purity) 129-15-7 Dye intermediate N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane 615-53-2 Laboratory chemical Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Antineoplastic agent Metronidazole 443-48-1 Drug Mirex 2385-85-5 Pesticides Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Antineoplastic agent Monocrotaline 315-22-0 Consumptions of extracts of crotalaria species as bush teas 5-(Morpholinomethyl)-     3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone 3795-88-8 Former drug Nafenopin 3771-19-5 Drug Nickel, metallic (1990) 7440-02-0 Manufacture of acid-resisting and magnetic alloys Nitridazole 61-57-4 Drug Nitrilotriacetic acid and its salts (1990) 139-13-9 Softener in cleaning agents and phosphate substitute in detergents 5-Nitroacenaphthene 602-87-9 Diesel exhaust 6-Nitrochrysene (1989) 7496-02-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes Nitrofen, technical-grade 1836-75-5 Herbicide 2-Nitrofluorene (1989) 607-57-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes 1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-imidazolidinone 555-84-0 Former drug N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide 531-82-8 Analgesics, anti-inflammatory agent Nitrogen mustard N-oxide 126-85-2 Intermediate in production of antineoplastic drugs 2-Nitropropane 79-46-9 Use in vinyl epoxy paints, printing inks, adhesives 1-Nitropyrene (1989) 5522-43-0 Diesel engine exhaust fumes 4-Nitropyrene (1989) 57835-92-4 Laboratory chemical N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3   N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 Isolated from cosmetic products N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 621-64-7 Isolated in some pesticides 3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile 60153-49-3 Constitutent of betel nut 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone     (NNK) 64091-91-4 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine 4549-40-0 Apple brandy N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 Rubber industry N'-Nitrosonornicotine 16543-55-8 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 Fried meat and fish, rubber N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 Tobacco smoke, fried meat and fish N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 Fried meat Ochratoxin A (1993) 303-47-9 Mycotoxin Oil Orange SS 2646-17-5 Dye Panfuran S, containing dihydroxymethylfuratrizine 794-93-4 Drug Pentachlorophenol (1991) 87-86-5 Pesticide Phenazopyridine hydrochloride 136-40-3 Drug Phenobarbital 50-06-6 Drug Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride 63-92-3 Drug Phenyl glycidyl ether (1989) 122-60-1 Epoxy compounds Phenytoin 57-41-0 Drug PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-     6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) (1993) 105650-23-5 Cooked food, tobacco smoke Ponceau MX 3761-53-3 Dye Ponceau 3R 3564-09-8 Dye Potassium bromate 7758-01-2 Flour milling industries as additive to improve baking properties Progestins   Drugs 1,3-Propane sultone 1120-71-4 Sulfopropylation of organic compounds ß-Propiolactone 57-57-8 Used in organic synthesis, vapour sterilizer, disinfectant Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Antineoplastic agent Rockwool (1988)     Saccharin 81-07-2 Artificial sweeteners Safrole 94-59-7 Parfumery, soaps, flavouring agent in drugs Slagwool (1988)     Sodium ortho-phenylphenate 132-27-4 Fungicide Sterigmatocystin 10048-13-2 Mycotoxin Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Drug Styrenee 100-42-5 Solvent, raw material Sulfallate 95-06-7 Herbicide 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) 1746-01-6 By-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 Dry cleaning Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Use as an analytical reagent in the laboratory 4,4'-Thiodianiline 139-65-1 Dye intermediate Thiourea 62-56-6 Photocopying, raw material Toluene diisocyanates 26471-62-5 Manufacture of elastomers of polyuretane ortho-Toluidine 95-53-4 Dye Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride) (1990) 817-09-4 Antineoplastic agent Trp-P-1     (3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-06-0 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trp-P-2     (3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-07-1 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trypan blue 72-57-1 Dye Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Antineoplastic agent Urethane 51-79-6 Raw material Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Bitumens, extracts of steam-refined and air-refined 8052-42-4   Carrageenan, degraded 9000-07-1 Food additive Chlorinated paraffins of average carbon chain length C12     and average degree of chlorination approximately 60% (1990)     Coffee (urinary bladder) (1991)     Diesel fuel, marinee (1989)     Engine exhaust, gasoline (1989)     Fuel oils, residual (heavy) (1989)     Gasolinee (1989)     Pickled vegetables (traditional in Asia) (1993)     Polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6) 59536-65-1 Flame retardant Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes) 8001-35-2 Pesticide Toxins derived from Fusarium moniliforme (1993)   Mycotoxins Welding fumes (1990)     ANNEX 6. List of chemicals banned or severely restricted to certain uses owing to their effects on health and the environment in the countries of EU Chemical CAS Number Use category Use limitation MERCURIC OXIDE 21908-53-2 P SR MERCUROUS CHLORIDE 10112-91-1 P SR OTHER INORGANIC MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALKYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P SR ALKOXYALKYL AND ARYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALDRIN 309-00-2 P SR CHLORDANE 57-74-9 P B DIELDRIN 60-57-1 P B DDT 50-29-3 P B ENDRIN 72-20-8 P SR HCH (contains < 99% gamma isomer) 608-73-1 P B HEPTACHLOR 74-44-8 P B HEXACHLOROBENZENE 118-74-1 P B CAMPHECHLOR (TOXAPHENE) 8001-35-2 P B POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB), except MONO- and DICHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 1336-36-3 I B POLYCHLORINATED TERPHENYLS (PCT) 61788-33-8 I B PREPARATIONS with a PCB or PCT content higher than 0.01% by weight   I B TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) PHOSPHATE 126-72-7 I SR TRIS-AZIRIDINYL-PHOSPHIOXIDE 545-55-1 I SR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBB) CROCIDOLITE 12001-28-4 I SR NITROFEN 1836-75-5 P B 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE 106-93-4 P B 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE 107-06-2 P B AMOSITE 12172-73-5   B ANTHOPHYLLITE ASBESTOS 77536-67-5   B ACTINOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-66-4   B TREMOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-68-6   B CADMIUM and its compounds 7440-43-9   R 2-NAPHTYLAMINE and its salts 91-59-8   B 4-AMINOPHENYL and its salts 92-67-1   B BENZIDINE and its salts 92-87-5   B 4-NITROPHENYL 92-93-3   B LEGEND: Use category: P: plant-protection product I: industrial chemical Use limitation: SR: severe restriction B: ban R: restrictions Continue to Annex VII

The label is the basic tool to keep the user informed on the classification and the most important safety precautions. This information must be given if the preparation contains at least one substance classified as dangerous to man or the environment or if the preparation is otherwise regarded as dangerous, for example it is flammable.

Here is described the labelling system used in the countries of European Union as an example. The United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods is also briefly presented, but more in detail in the section of Transport and Storage.

The total amount of the substance in the preparation has an effect in choosing the danger symbols, R- and S-phrases. (Annex 8)

Four R-phrases and four S-phrases should suffice to describe the risks and to formulate the most appropriate safety advice.

The information for classification, and labels, may be obtained from tests, from literature, from practical experience and from information requirements by international rules on the transport of dangerous substances and wastes.

Generally, no account needs to be taken of substances if they are present in following amounts, unless another lower limit has been specifically given: less than 0.1% by weight for substances classified as very toxic T+, or toxic T less than 1% for substances classified as harmful Xn, corrosive C, irritant Xi, Information such as "non-toxic", "not harmful" should not be used in the labels. The pictorial symbol indicating danger is drawn in black and the background colour should be orange. The dimensions of the label:  Capacity of the package Minimum dimensions in millimeters Not exceeding three litres 52x74 more than three litres but not exceeding 50 litres 74x105 more than 50 litres but not exceeding 500 litres 105x148 more than 500 litres 148x210 Each danger symbol must cover at least 1/10 of the surface area of the label. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm. Example 1. Classification of a substance 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (synonym name: methyl chloroform), used as solvent is classified as harmful Xn and dangerous to the environment N, with following R-phrases and S-phrases R 20 Harmful by inhalation. R 59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. S 2 Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheets. The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of being noticed too as substances classified toxic. Example 2. Classification of a preparation: A preparation used for degreasing metal parts contains following dangerous components:  Dangerous substance % Symbol Risk phrases Safety phrases TrichloroethyleneXylene (flash point over 21oC) Ethanol 23 67 8 Xn Xn F 40-52/5310-20/21-38 11 (2-)23-36/37-61(2-)25 (2-)7-16 Preparation   Xn 10-20/21-38-40-52/53 (2-)23-25-36/37-61 Ethanol is present below the classification level. The R and S-phrases corresponding to the number codes are: R 10 Flammable. R 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 38 Irritating to skin. R 40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R 52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 23 Do not breathe vapour. S 25 Avoid contact with eyes. S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 61 Avoid the release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheet. 7. How to compile a label The name, symbol, the risk phrases of the classified substance and the phrases for safety precaution are in Annex 4. The key to have the symbol picture is in Annex 1. The key to have a sentence in words is for the risk phrases in Annex 2. and for the safety phrases in Annex 3. Toluene is classified in International Chemical Safety Cards: See the Cards by CAS Number, in alphabetical order or by risk phrases. Substance CAS number Symbol Risk phrase Safety phrase TOLUENE 108-88-3 F, Xn 11-20 (2-)16-25-29-33 TOLUENE Highly flammable Harmful by inhalation F Highly flammable Xn Harmful   Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Avoid contact with eyes. Do not empty into drains. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Name and address of the manufacturer, distributor or importer. HAZARD CATEGORIES OF SELECTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS  HAZARD CATEGORIES ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA PHYSICAL HAZARDS compressed gasflammable explosive oxidizing reactive corrosive (materials) - + + + + + + + + + + + n + + + + n n + + + + n + + + + + + HEALTH HAZARDS toxic (acute)*toxic (other) irritant corrosive (tissues) sensitizer carcinogen reproductive effects** mutagen + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + SPECIAL HAZARDS environmentradioactive infectious miscellaneous*** - - - - + + + + + n n n n n n n n n n n LEGEND: + : defined category n : defined under other legislation or code - : not defined * : includes oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity ** : includes reproductive and developmental toxicity *** : specific to UN RTDG; included in national transport legislation DEFINITIONS OF DATA COMPONENTS IN LABELS IN DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS COMPONENTS ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA FORMAT none defined size of labels varies with transport mode. Minimum label dimensions are defined for different package capacities; contrasted danger symbols and background (black on yellow background); language must be that of the country where the product is put on market. none defined 1. Supplier label:must appear on all controlled products received at work-places; required information must be set aside from sales information; surrounded by WHMIS border; must be printed in contrasting colours; must have all texts in English and French. 2. Workplace label: must appear on all products produced in a workplace or transferred to other containers by the employer; may appear in placard form on products received in bulk. DATA ELEMENTS 1. Trade name2. Chemical identity 3. Supplier identi- fication. 4. Hazard symbols 5. Risk phrases 6. Safety phrases 7. Batch identifica- tion. 8. Reference to ex- isting CSDS. 9. Hazard classifi- cation. not mandated.The UN RTDG label defines hazards by the use of symbols, colours and danger warning words for specific hazards (explosive, radioactive, corrosive, etc.). 1. Chemical identity2. Hazard symbol and indication of danger. 3. Risk phrases 4. Safety phrases 5. Supplier identification (full address and tel. No.). 6. EEC number if allocated 7. the wording "EEC label" where appropriate. 1. Chemical identity2. Supplier identi- fication 3. Appropriate hazard warnings. Employer must ensure that labels and other forms of warning are in English and may add other languages if appropriate. 1. Supplier label:-product identifier -supplier identification. -reference to existing CSDS. -hazard symbols; and for containers over 100 ml: -risk and safety phrases. -first aid measures 2. Workplace label: -product identifier -information for the safe handling of the products -reference to an existing CSDS. -may contain WHMIS hazard symbols or other pictograms. OTHER REQUIREMENTS Legibility, durability and size, uniformity of labels and symbols, including colours.In general, all containers of hazardous chemicals should at least indicate the hazards of the contents through appropriate wording or symbols. Placarding of transport units is defined, including form, minimum size and colour of placards.   ANSI Standard Z-129.1.1988 defines acceptable precautionary phrases and hazard symbols. Chemical name may be replaced by generic name or number in the case of products covered by provisions on exemption for confidential business information. ANNEX 1. Symbols and Indications of Danger Used in the Countries of EU E O Explosive Oxidizing F F+ Highly flammable Extremely flammable T T+ Toxic Very toxic Xn Xi Harmful Irritant C N Corrosive Dangerous for environment ANNEX 2. Risk Phrases Used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. Nature of Special Risks Attributed to Dangerous Substances and Preparations R1 Explosive when dry. R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds. R5 Heating may cause an explosion. R6 Explosive with or without contact with air. R7 May cause fire. R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material. R10 Flammable. R11 Highly flammable. R12 Extremely flammable. (R13 Extremely flammable liquified gas.) R14 Reacts violently with water. R15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases. R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances. R17 Spontaneously flammable in air. R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. R19 May form explosive peroxides. R20 Harmful by inhalation. R21 Harmful in contact with skin. R22 Harmful if swallowed. R23 Toxic by inhalation. R24 Toxic in contact with skin. R25 Toxic if swallowed. R26 Very toxic by inhalation. R27 Very toxic in contact with skin. R28 Very toxic if swallowed. R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gases. R30 Can become highly flammable in use. R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. R33 Danger of cumulative effects. R34 Causes burns. R35 Causes severe burns. R36 Irritating to eyes. R37 Irritating to respiratory system. R38 Irritating to skin. R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects. R40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes. R42 May cause sensitization by inhalation. R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact. R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. R45 May cause cancer. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage. (R47 May cause birth defects.) R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. R49 May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 Toxic to flora. R55 Toxic to fauna. R56 Toxic to soil organisms. R57 Toxic to bees. R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 May impair fertility. R61 May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility. R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed Combination of R-Phrases R14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating highly flammable gases. R15/29 Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas. R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/26/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation. R40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin. R40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed. R40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. ANNEX 3. Safety Phrases Concerning Dangerous Chemical Substances and Preparations used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. S1 Keep locked up. S2 Keep out of the reach of children. S3 Keep in a cool place. S4 Keep away from living quarters. S5 Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). S6 Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). S7 Keep container tightly closed. S8 Keep container dry. S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S12 Do not keep container sealed. S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. S14 Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S15 Keep away from heat. S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S17 Keep away from combustible material. S18 Handle and open container with care. S20 When using do not eat or drink. S21 When using do not smoke. S22 Do not breathe dust. S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S24 Avoid contact with skin. S25 Avoid contact with eyes. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29 Do not empty into drains. S30 Never add water to this product. S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. (S34 Avoid shock and friction.) S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S36 Wear suitable protective clothing. S37 Wear suitable gloves. S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. S39 Wear eye/face protection. S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S41 In case of fire and/or explosion, do not breathe fumes. S42 During fumigation/spraying, wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S43 In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk, add - Never use water). (S44 If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).) S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S48 Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). S49 Keep only in the original container. S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S51 Use only in well-ventilated areas. S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. (S54 Obtain the consent of pollution control authorities before discharging to wastewater treatment plants.) (S55 Treat using the best available techniques before discharge into drains or the aquatic environment.) S56 Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. S57 Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. (S58 To be disposed of as hazardous waste.) S59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. S62 If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.         Combination of S-Phrases     S1/2 Keep locked up and out of reach of children. S3/7 Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. (S3/9 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place.) (S3/7/9 Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.) S3/9/14 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S3/9/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. S3/9/14/49   S3/14 Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry. S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. S20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/39 Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S36/37/39   S47/49 Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S7/47 Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ...0C (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29/56 Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. ANNEX 4. List of Substances with Risk and Safety Phrases Used in the Countries of EU MEANING OF NOTES A - G Note A Where a substance is listed under a generic name (e.g. `...compounds' or `...salts') the correct chemical name should be stated on the label. For example for BeCl2: Beryllium chloride Note B Some substances (acids, bases, etc.) are placed on the market in aqueous solutions at various concentrations and therefore require different labelling since hazards vary at different concentrations. The entries with Note B have a general designation of the type `...% Nitric acid'. The actual concentration of the solution is stated on the label: `45% Nitric acid.Percentages always refer to weight ratio, unless otherwise stated. Additional data (e.g. specific gravity, Baumé values) or descriptions (e.g. glacial, fuming) are permitted. Note C Some organic substances may be in a specific isomeric form or as a mixture of isomers with a general designation. In this case the label states clearly whether the substance is a specific isomer or a mixture of isomers. For example `Xylene' is specified: `o-Xylene' or `Xylene, m Note D Some substances which polymerize readily or decompose spontaneously are normally placed on the market in a stabilized form. However, such substances are sometimes placed on the market in a non-stabilized form. This must be stated on the label with the name of the substance: Methacrylic acid (non-stabilized)'. Note E Substances with specific effects on human health (classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction) if they are also classified as `Very toxic (T+)', `Toxic (T)' or `Harmful (Xn)'. The word also shall precede the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28 when in a combination, for example:R45-23: May cause cancer. Also toxic by inhalation R46-27/28: May cause heritable genetic damage. Also very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. Note F The substance may contain a stabilizer. If the stabilizer changes the hazardous properties of the substance as listed, a label must be compiled in accordance with rules for the resulting hazardous preparations. Note G The substance may be marketed in an explosive form in which case it must be assessed using the appropriate test methods and the label should reflect its explosive property.   ANNEX 5. IARC List of Cancer Causing Chemicals WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER LISTS OF IARC EVALUATIONS ACCORDING TO IARC MONOGRAPHS IARC, Lyon 1993 `Occupational sources' column edited by IPCS, Geneva, 1993 Any comments related to the IARC Monographs should be sent to Dr. H. Vainio, Chief Unit of Carcinogen Identification and Evaluation, International Agency for Research on Cancer Address: 150 cours Albert Thomas 69372 Lyon Cedex 08 France Group 1 The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being probably carcinogenic to humans. Group 2B The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being possibly carcinogenic to humans. Group 1: CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Aflatoxins (1993)a 1402-68-2 Feedstuff contaminants, mycotoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl 92-67-1 Rubber manufacture Arsenic and arsenic compoundsb 7440-38-2 Drug, pesticide Asbestos 1332-21-4 Roofing, friction material Azathioprine 446-86-6 Drug Benzene 71-43-2 Solvent, raw material Benzidine 92-87-5 Raw material, impurity Beryllium and beryllium compoundsd 7440-41-7 Raw material, electronics industry N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (Chlornaphazine) 494-03-1 Drug Bis(chloromethyl)ether and 542-88-1 Laboratory chemical chloromethyl methyl ether (technical-grade) 107-30-2   1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Myleran) 55-98-1 Antineoplastic agent Cadmium and cadmium compoundsd 7440-43-9 Raw material Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Antineoplastic agent 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1- nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) 13909-09-6 Antineoplastic agent Chromium(VI) compounds (1990)   Pigment manufacturing Ciclosporin (1990) 79217-60-0 Drug Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Antineoplastic agent Diethylstilboestrol 56-53-1 Drug Erionite 66733-21-9 Natural mineral fibre Melphalan 148-82-3 Antineoplastic agent 8-Methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen) plus ultraviolet radiation 298-81-7 Dermatological drug MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents   Antineoplastic agents Mustard gas (Sulfur mustard) 505-60-2 War gas 2-Naphthylamine 91-59-8 Dye manufacturing Nickel compounds (1990)   Pigment, batteries, impurity Oestrogen replacement therapy   Hormones Oestrogens, nonsteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oestrogens, oesteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oral contraceptives, combinedc   Hormones Oral contraceptives, sequential   Hormones Radon and its decay products (1988) 10043-92-2 Mining Solar radiation (1992)     Talc containing asbest-form fibres   Extenders in paints and ceramic products Thiotepa (1990) 52-24-4 Antineoplastic agent Treosulfan 299-75-2 Antineoplastic agent Vinyl chloride (monomer) 75-01-4 Plastic industry Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Alcoholic beverages (1988)     Analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin   Drugs Betel quid with tobacco     Coal-tar pitches 65996-93-2 Raw material Coal-tars 8007-45-2 Drug, raw material Mineral oils, untreated and mildly treated   Use of crude oil distillates Salted fish (Chinese-style) (1993)     Shale-oils 68308-34-9   Soots     Tobacco products, smokeless     Tobacco smoke     Group 2 A: PROBABLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 Raw material Adriamycind 23214-92-8 Antineoplastic agent Androgenic (anabolic) steroids   Drugs Azacitidine (1990)d 320-67-2 Antineoplastic agent Benz[a]anthracened 56-55-3 Impurity Benzidine-based dyesd   Dyes Benzo[a]pyrened 50-32-8 Impurity Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) 154-93-8 Antineoplastic agent 1,3-Butadiene (1992) 106-9-90 Manufacture of synthetic rubber Captafol (1991)d 2425-06-1 Fungicides, pesticides /1.,pp.927-1616/ Chloramphenicol (1990)d 56-75-7 Antibiotics 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-     1-nitrosourea (CCNU)d 13010-47-4 Antineoplastic agent para-Chloro-ortho-toluidine and     its strong acid salts (1990)d 95-69-2 Synthesis of organic dyestuffs Chlorozotocin (1990)d 54749-90-5 Antineoplastic agent Cisplatind 15663-27-1 Antineoplastic agent Dibenz[a,h]anthracened 53-70-3 Coal-tar Diethyl sulfate (1992)d 64-67-5 Raw material, laboratories Dimethylcarbamoyl chlorided 79-44-7 Laboratories Dimethyl sulfated 77-78-1 Raw material, laboratories Epichlorohydrind 106-89-8 Epoxyresin products, raw material, laboratories Ethylene dibromided 106-93-4 Soil fumigant, leaded gasoline Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 Pesticide, intermediate N-Ethyl-N-nitrosouread 759-73-9 Laboratory synthesis of diazoethane Formaldehyde 50-00-0 Preservative, disinfectant, textile, wood/timber industry, raw material IQd (2-Amino-3-methylimid-     azo[4,5-f]-quinoline) (1993) 76180-96-6 Grilled fish and meat 5-Methoxypsoralend 484-20-8 Dermatological agent 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)     (MOCA) (1993)101-14-4   Polyurethane industry, curing agent N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)d 70-25-7 Laboratory agent N-Methyl-N-nitrosouread 684-93-5 Laboratory synthesis of diazomethane Nitrogen mustard 51-75-2 Basis for some antineoplastic agents N-Nitrosodiethylamined 55-18-5 Laboratories N-Nitrosodimethylamined 62-75-9 Laboratories, pollutant Phenacetin 62-44-2 Drug Procarbazine hydrochlorided 366-70-1 Antineoplastic agent Propylene oxided 75-56-9 Production of propylene glycol Silica, crystalline 14808-60-7 Ceramic industry Styrene oxide 96-09-3 Epoxy resin additive Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate 126-72-7   Ultraviolet radiation A (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation B (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation C (1992)d   Welding operation, laser Vinyl bromided 593-60-2 As an intermediate in organic synthesis, manufacture of polymers Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Creosotes 8001-58-9 Wood preservative for roofing Diesel engine exhaust (1989)     Hot mate (1991)   Beverage Non-arsenical insecticides, spraying and     Occupational exposures in application of (1991)     Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 1336-36-3 Limited application in capacitors Group 2B: POSSIBLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources A-a-C; (2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 26148-68-5 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 Manufacture of acetic acid and ethyl acetate Acetamide 60-35-5 As a solvent for organic compounds, plasticizer Acrylamide 79-06-1 Manufacture of acrylamide polymers AF-2;[2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide] 3688-53-7 Ex-food preservative Aflatoxin M1 (1993) 6795-23-9 Found in the milk cows fed toxic meals para-Aminoazobenzene 60-09-3 Dyes ortho-Aminoazotoluene 97-56-3 Dyes 2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 712-68-5 Drug Amitrole 61-82-5 Herbicide ortho-Anisidine 90-04-0 Laboratories Antimony trioxide (1989) 1309-64-4 Tartar emetic, paint pigment AramiteR 140-57-8 Pesticide Atrazine (1991) 1912-24-9 Herbicide Auramine (technical-grade) 492-80-8 Dye manufacture Azaserine 115-02-6 Antineoplastic agent Benzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 Impurity Benzo[j]fluoranthene 205-82-3 Impurity Benzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 Impurity Benzyl violet 4B 1694-09-3 Textile dye Bleomycinse 11056-06-7 Antineoplastic drug Bracken fern     Bromodichloromethane (1991) 75-27-4 Intermediate solvent Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) 25013-16-5 Food additive ß--Butyrolactone 3068-88-0 Laboratories Caffeic acid (1993) 331-39-5 Constituent of plants Carbon-black extracts   Manufacture of natural and synthetic rubber Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 Solvent, raw material Ceramic fibres (1988)   Use in manufacture of paper felts, furnace Chlordane (1991) 57-74-9 Pesticide Chlordecone (Kepone) 143-50-0 Pesticide Chlorendic acid (1990) 115-28-6 Chemical intermediate in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins a-Chlorinated toluenes   Intermediates para-Chloroaniline (1993) 106-47-8 Dye industry Chloroform 67-66-3 Solvent, raw material Chlorophenols   Fungicides, bactericides Chlorophenoxy herbicides   Herbicides 4-Chloro-ortho-phenylenediamine 95-83-0 Hair-dye component CI Acid Red 114 (1993) 6459-94-5 Dye CI Basic Red 9 (1993) 569-61-9 Dye CI Direct Blue 15 (1993) 2429-74-5 Dye Citrus Red No. 2 (CI 12156) 6358-53-8 Dye Cobalt and cobalt compounds (1991) 7440-48-4 Manufacture of magnets para-Cresidine 120-71-8 Dye manufacturing Cycasin 14901-08-7 Naturally occurring toxin, seeds, roots and leaves of cycad plants Dacarbazine 4342-03-4 Antineoplastic drug Dantron     (Chrysazin; 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) (1990) 117-10-2 Drug Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Antineoplastic agent DDT (para,para'-DDT) (1991) 50-29-3 Pesticide N,N'-Diacetylbenzidine 613-35-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminoanisole 615-05-4 Dye manufacturing, hair dye 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether 101-80-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95-80-7 Dye manufacturing, raw material, hair dye Dibenz[a,h]acridine 226-36-8 Pollutant Dibenz[a,j]acridine 224-42-0 Pollutant 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 194-59-2 Tobacco smoke Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene 192-65-4 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene 189-64-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 189-55-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene 191-30-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 Pesticide para-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 Fumigants, insecticides 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1 Raw material, dye manufacturing 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 28434-86-8 Dye, raw material 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 Solvent, raw material Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 75-09-2 Solvent 1,3-Dichloropropene (technical-grade) 542-75-6 Pesticides Dichlorvos (1991) 62-73-7 Pesticide Diepoxybutane 1464-53-5 Raw material, laboratories Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 Plastic industry 1,2-Diethylhydrazine 1615-80-1 Laboratory chemical Diglycidyl resorcinol ether 101-90-6 Epoxy resin, aircraft equipment industry Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Chemical intermediate for manufacture of piperonyl butoxide Diisopropyl sulfate (1992) 2973-10-6 Manufacturing of isopropanol 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (ortho-Dianisidine) 119-90-4 Dye, laboratories para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 60-11-7 Dye, laboratories trans-2-[(Dimethylamino)methylimino]-5-[2-(5-nitro-     2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole 25962-77-0 Limited usage as a pharmaceutical 2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine) (1993) 87-62-7 Synthesis of other chemicals 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine (ortho-Tolidine) 119-93-7 Dye, laboratories Dimethylformamide (1989) 68-12-2 Solvent for liquids and organic compounds 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 57-14-7 Rocket fuel formulations, chemical synthesis 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 540-73-8 Chemical intermediate 1,6-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-64-8 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,8-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-65-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 Raw material, solvent Disperse Blue 1 (1990) 2475-45-8 Dye, hair dye Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 As a component of solution for coating textiles, paper and leather Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 Raw material, laboratories, rubber industry Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Laboratories 2-(2-Formylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole 3570-75-0 No use Glasswool (1988)     Glu-P-1 (2-Amino-6-     methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-11-4 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glu-P-2 (2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-10-3 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glycidaldehyde 765-34-4 Acrolein metabolite Griseofulvin 126-07-8 Antibiotic drug, veterinary medicine HC Blue No. 1 (1993) 2784-94-3 Hair dye Heptachlor (1991) 76-44-8 Pesticide Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 Fungicide Hexachlorocyclohexanes   Pesticide Hexamethylphosphoramide 680-31-9 Solvent Hydrazine 302-01-2 Raw material Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 193-39-5 Tobacco smoke, inhalation of polluted air Iron-dextran complex 9004-66-4 Drug Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Used medicinally as an emetic and in the treatment of snake bites Lead [7439-92-1] and lead compounds, inorganic Manufacture of pipes, cable sheating /1.,p.1200/   Magenta (containing CI Basic Red 9) (1993) 632-99-5 Dyes and dyestuff MeA-a-C (2-Amino-3-methyl-     9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 68006-83-7 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Medroxyprogesterone acetate 71-58-9 Hormones, pharmaceutical industry MeIQ (1993)     (2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) 77094-11-2 Grilled beef and fish MeIQx (1993)     (2-Amino 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) 77500-04-0 Fried fish and beef Merphalan 531-76-0 Antineoplastic agent 2-Methylaziridine 75-55-8 Intermediate Methylazoxymethanol acetate 592-62-1 Cancer research 5-Methylchrysene 3697-24-3 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) 838-88-0 Dye manufacture 4,4'-Methylenedianiline     (4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane) 101-77-9 Production of isocyanates and polyisocyanates Methylmercury compounds (1993)     Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Produced for research purposes 2-Methyl-1-nitroanthraquinone (uncertain purity) 129-15-7 Dye intermediate N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane 615-53-2 Laboratory chemical Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Antineoplastic agent Metronidazole 443-48-1 Drug Mirex 2385-85-5 Pesticides Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Antineoplastic agent Monocrotaline 315-22-0 Consumptions of extracts of crotalaria species as bush teas 5-(Morpholinomethyl)-     3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone 3795-88-8 Former drug Nafenopin 3771-19-5 Drug Nickel, metallic (1990) 7440-02-0 Manufacture of acid-resisting and magnetic alloys Nitridazole 61-57-4 Drug Nitrilotriacetic acid and its salts (1990) 139-13-9 Softener in cleaning agents and phosphate substitute in detergents 5-Nitroacenaphthene 602-87-9 Diesel exhaust 6-Nitrochrysene (1989) 7496-02-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes Nitrofen, technical-grade 1836-75-5 Herbicide 2-Nitrofluorene (1989) 607-57-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes 1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-imidazolidinone 555-84-0 Former drug N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide 531-82-8 Analgesics, anti-inflammatory agent Nitrogen mustard N-oxide 126-85-2 Intermediate in production of antineoplastic drugs 2-Nitropropane 79-46-9 Use in vinyl epoxy paints, printing inks, adhesives 1-Nitropyrene (1989) 5522-43-0 Diesel engine exhaust fumes 4-Nitropyrene (1989) 57835-92-4 Laboratory chemical N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3   N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 Isolated from cosmetic products N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 621-64-7 Isolated in some pesticides 3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile 60153-49-3 Constitutent of betel nut 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone     (NNK) 64091-91-4 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine 4549-40-0 Apple brandy N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 Rubber industry N'-Nitrosonornicotine 16543-55-8 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 Fried meat and fish, rubber N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 Tobacco smoke, fried meat and fish N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 Fried meat Ochratoxin A (1993) 303-47-9 Mycotoxin Oil Orange SS 2646-17-5 Dye Panfuran S, containing dihydroxymethylfuratrizine 794-93-4 Drug Pentachlorophenol (1991) 87-86-5 Pesticide Phenazopyridine hydrochloride 136-40-3 Drug Phenobarbital 50-06-6 Drug Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride 63-92-3 Drug Phenyl glycidyl ether (1989) 122-60-1 Epoxy compounds Phenytoin 57-41-0 Drug PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-     6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) (1993) 105650-23-5 Cooked food, tobacco smoke Ponceau MX 3761-53-3 Dye Ponceau 3R 3564-09-8 Dye Potassium bromate 7758-01-2 Flour milling industries as additive to improve baking properties Progestins   Drugs 1,3-Propane sultone 1120-71-4 Sulfopropylation of organic compounds ß-Propiolactone 57-57-8 Used in organic synthesis, vapour sterilizer, disinfectant Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Antineoplastic agent Rockwool (1988)     Saccharin 81-07-2 Artificial sweeteners Safrole 94-59-7 Parfumery, soaps, flavouring agent in drugs Slagwool (1988)     Sodium ortho-phenylphenate 132-27-4 Fungicide Sterigmatocystin 10048-13-2 Mycotoxin Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Drug Styrenee 100-42-5 Solvent, raw material Sulfallate 95-06-7 Herbicide 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) 1746-01-6 By-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 Dry cleaning Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Use as an analytical reagent in the laboratory 4,4'-Thiodianiline 139-65-1 Dye intermediate Thiourea 62-56-6 Photocopying, raw material Toluene diisocyanates 26471-62-5 Manufacture of elastomers of polyuretane ortho-Toluidine 95-53-4 Dye Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride) (1990) 817-09-4 Antineoplastic agent Trp-P-1     (3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-06-0 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trp-P-2     (3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-07-1 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trypan blue 72-57-1 Dye Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Antineoplastic agent Urethane 51-79-6 Raw material Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Bitumens, extracts of steam-refined and air-refined 8052-42-4   Carrageenan, degraded 9000-07-1 Food additive Chlorinated paraffins of average carbon chain length C12     and average degree of chlorination approximately 60% (1990)     Coffee (urinary bladder) (1991)     Diesel fuel, marinee (1989)     Engine exhaust, gasoline (1989)     Fuel oils, residual (heavy) (1989)     Gasolinee (1989)     Pickled vegetables (traditional in Asia) (1993)     Polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6) 59536-65-1 Flame retardant Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes) 8001-35-2 Pesticide Toxins derived from Fusarium moniliforme (1993)   Mycotoxins Welding fumes (1990)     ANNEX 6. List of chemicals banned or severely restricted to certain uses owing to their effects on health and the environment in the countries of EU Chemical CAS Number Use category Use limitation MERCURIC OXIDE 21908-53-2 P SR MERCUROUS CHLORIDE 10112-91-1 P SR OTHER INORGANIC MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALKYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P SR ALKOXYALKYL AND ARYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALDRIN 309-00-2 P SR CHLORDANE 57-74-9 P B DIELDRIN 60-57-1 P B DDT 50-29-3 P B ENDRIN 72-20-8 P SR HCH (contains < 99% gamma isomer) 608-73-1 P B HEPTACHLOR 74-44-8 P B HEXACHLOROBENZENE 118-74-1 P B CAMPHECHLOR (TOXAPHENE) 8001-35-2 P B POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB), except MONO- and DICHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 1336-36-3 I B POLYCHLORINATED TERPHENYLS (PCT) 61788-33-8 I B PREPARATIONS with a PCB or PCT content higher than 0.01% by weight   I B TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) PHOSPHATE 126-72-7 I SR TRIS-AZIRIDINYL-PHOSPHIOXIDE 545-55-1 I SR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBB) CROCIDOLITE 12001-28-4 I SR NITROFEN 1836-75-5 P B 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE 106-93-4 P B 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE 107-06-2 P B AMOSITE 12172-73-5   B ANTHOPHYLLITE ASBESTOS 77536-67-5   B ACTINOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-66-4   B TREMOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-68-6   B CADMIUM and its compounds 7440-43-9   R 2-NAPHTYLAMINE and its salts 91-59-8   B 4-AMINOPHENYL and its salts 92-67-1   B BENZIDINE and its salts 92-87-5   B 4-NITROPHENYL 92-93-3   B LEGEND: Use category: P: plant-protection product I: industrial chemical Use limitation: SR: severe restriction B: ban R: restrictions Continue to Annex VII

The UN RTDG label defines hazards by the use of symbols, colours and danger warning words for specific hazards (explosive, radioactive, corrosive, etc.).

The objective is to identify the hazardous properties of chemicals which may constitute a risk during normal handling or use, risks to health, property or the environment. The user of the chemicals is also to be introduced to the hazards they present and given the basic information, in a suitable manner, such as using a properly made label.

Symbols showing the most serious hazards should be chosen where more than one danger symbol has to be assigned. As a general rule a maximum of two danger symbols are used.

The first and most essential step leading to safe use of chemicals is to know their identity, hazards to health and the environment and the means to control them. This knowledge should be available with reasonable effort and cost. Furthermore, this inherently complex knowledge must be organized in such a way that information on the hazards and corresponding protective measures can be identified and conveyed to the user in a form that is easy to understand.

The following properties contribute to risk to health resulting from acute, repeated or prolonged exposure: very toxic or toxic harmful corrosive irritant cancer causing hazards to reproduction can cause non-heritable birth defects sensitizing Fire and explosion hazards may be classified as follows explosive oxidizing extremely flammable, highly flammable or flammable The following properties present a hazard to the environment and are: toxic to living organisms persistent in the environment bioaccumulation Also substances and preparations that cannot be classified by using the above system may be regarded as dangerous if they have properties which are hazardous to health, to living organisms or if they can damage property. 4. How to pass on the information to users All chemicals, both substances and preparations, should have a clear marking to indicate their identity. The packages and containers of dangerous substances and preparations should, in addition to marking only, to have a label with required information. The label should draw attention to the inherent danger to persons handling or using the chemical. Symbols and pictograms have been established for each hazard category listed above. The symbol forms an integral part of the label and gives an immediate idea of the types of hazards that the substance or the preparation may cause. To specify the type of danger pertinent standard risk phrases should also be included in the label. Advice on the precautions necessary in the handling of chemicals are given with standard safety phrases also included in the label. 5. Where to find information about hazardous chemicals The chemical supplier, manufacturer or importer, should be able to provide detailed information and a Safety Data Sheet. In certain countries, such as those of the EU, the manufacturer or importer has the obligation to find and give adequate information about a chemical for assessment of the health and environmental hazards of his chemical for handling and for its labelling. Safety data sheets have been prepared on many dangerous substances and preparations by manufacturers. These should go together with the product to the occupational user. The information in these is not always validated or checked. On pure substances International Chemical Safety Cards are available. These contain validated basic information, which may be used also for preparing safety data sheets on chemical preparations or products. Lists of classified chemicals exist in national legislation and regulations which provide information on local requirements in the handling of dangerous chemicals. The information for classification, and labels, may be obtained from tests, from literature, from practical experience and from information requirements by international rules on the transport of dangerous substances and wastes. 6. How to classify for a label The label is the basic tool to keep the user informed on the classification and the most important safety precautions. This information must be given if the preparation contains at least one substance classified as dangerous to man or the environment or if the preparation is otherwise regarded as dangerous, for example it is flammable. In EU countries the label must clearly show the trade name the name and the address, including telephone number, of the manufacturer, the importer or the distributor the chemical name of the substance (in the case of a preparation, the chemical names of the hazardous components) danger symbols risk phrases (R-phrases) safety phrases (S-phrases) the quantity of the contents of the package or container The labels should be in the national, official language(s). The label should show the chemical names of substances that are primarily responsible for the hazards. As a general rule four chemical names on the label should be sufficient. In some cases, more than four names may be necessary; for example all cancer causing substances in the preparation must be identified and the corresponding R- and S-phrases presented on the label. If the preparation contains one or more of the substances requiring the following R-phrases, both the name of the substance and the R-phrase should be mentioned in the label: R33, R39, R40, R42, R43, R45, R46, R48, R49, R60, R61, R62, R63, R64 These risks phrases are related to carcinogenic, genetic, reproductive, sensitizing and irreversible health hazards. Four R-phrases and four S-phrases should suffice to describe the risks and to formulate the most appropriate safety advice. Symbols showing the most serious hazards should be chosen where more than one danger symbol has to be assigned. As a general rule a maximum of two danger symbols are used. The explanation of the letter symbols appearing in the attached lists are given below. Each letter symbol refers to a danger symbol or pictogram used in EU countries: Letter Symbol Explanation E explosive This symbol with the word 'explosive' denotes a substance which may explode under the effect of a flame or if subjected to shocks or friction. O oxidizing The symbol with the word 'oxidizing' refers to a substance which releases a lot of heat while it reacts with other substances, particularly flammable substances. F highly flammable This symbol with the words 'highly flammable' denotes a substance which may become hot and finally ignite in contact with air at ambient temperature or is a solid and may readily set on fire after brief contact with the source of ignition and which continues to burn/to be consumed by chemical reaction after removal of the source of ignition. If it is gas it may burn in air at normal pressure. In contact with water or damp air the substance may release highly flammable gases in dangerous quantities. F+ extremely flammable The same flammable symbol as above with words 'extremely flammable' denotes e.g. a liquid which would boil at body temperature and would ignite if vapours are exposed to a flame. T toxic The symbol with skull and crossed bones with the word 'toxic' denotes a highly hazardous substance. T+ very toxic The same symbol as above with the words 'very toxic' is used to label a substance, which, if inhaled or ingested or, if it penetrates the skin, may involve extremely serious immediate or long-term health risks and even death. C corrosive The symbol with the word 'corrosive' will be found on a label of a substance which may destroy living tissues on contact with them. Severe burns may result from splashes of such substance. Xn harmful (less than T) The symbol with word 'harmful' denotes to substances which may cause health hazards less than toxic. It could refer to other types of risks e.g. to allergic reactions. Xi irritant (less than C) The same symbol as above with the word 'irritant'. N dangerous for the environment   When more than one danger symbol is used the obligation to apply symbol T or T+ will make symbols C, Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol C will make symbols Xn and Xi optional the obligation to apply symbol E will make symbols F and O optional If a preparation is classified both harmful Xn and irritant Xi, it will be labelled harmful Xn, and the irritant properties should be pointed out with appropriate R-phrases. The total amount of the substance in the preparation has an effect in choosing the danger symbols, R- and S-phrases. (Annex 8) Generally, no account needs to be taken of substances if they are present in following amounts, unless another lower limit has been specifically given: less than 0.1% by weight for substances classified as very toxic T+, or toxic T less than 1% for substances classified as harmful Xn, corrosive C, irritant Xi, Information such as "non-toxic", "not harmful" should not be used in the labels. The pictorial symbol indicating danger is drawn in black and the background colour should be orange. The dimensions of the label:  Capacity of the package Minimum dimensions in millimeters Not exceeding three litres 52x74 more than three litres but not exceeding 50 litres 74x105 more than 50 litres but not exceeding 500 litres 105x148 more than 500 litres 148x210 Each danger symbol must cover at least 1/10 of the surface area of the label. The minimum size of the danger symbol shall not be less than 10mm x 10mm. Example 1. Classification of a substance 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (synonym name: methyl chloroform), used as solvent is classified as harmful Xn and dangerous to the environment N, with following R-phrases and S-phrases R 20 Harmful by inhalation. R 59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. S 2 Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheets. The label should carry this information. Check that the impurities do not exceed the limit of being noticed too as substances classified toxic. Example 2. Classification of a preparation: A preparation used for degreasing metal parts contains following dangerous components:  Dangerous substance % Symbol Risk phrases Safety phrases TrichloroethyleneXylene (flash point over 21oC) Ethanol 23 67 8 Xn Xn F 40-52/5310-20/21-38 11 (2-)23-36/37-61(2-)25 (2-)7-16 Preparation   Xn 10-20/21-38-40-52/53 (2-)23-25-36/37-61 Ethanol is present below the classification level. The R and S-phrases corresponding to the number codes are: R 10 Flammable. R 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 38 Irritating to skin. R 40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R 52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 23 Do not breathe vapour. S 25 Avoid contact with eyes. S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 61 Avoid the release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety Data Sheet. 7. How to compile a label The name, symbol, the risk phrases of the classified substance and the phrases for safety precaution are in Annex 4. The key to have the symbol picture is in Annex 1. The key to have a sentence in words is for the risk phrases in Annex 2. and for the safety phrases in Annex 3. Toluene is classified in International Chemical Safety Cards: See the Cards by CAS Number, in alphabetical order or by risk phrases. Substance CAS number Symbol Risk phrase Safety phrase TOLUENE 108-88-3 F, Xn 11-20 (2-)16-25-29-33 TOLUENE Highly flammable Harmful by inhalation F Highly flammable Xn Harmful   Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Avoid contact with eyes. Do not empty into drains. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Name and address of the manufacturer, distributor or importer. HAZARD CATEGORIES OF SELECTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS  HAZARD CATEGORIES ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA PHYSICAL HAZARDS compressed gasflammable explosive oxidizing reactive corrosive (materials) - + + + + + + + + + + + n + + + + n n + + + + n + + + + + + HEALTH HAZARDS toxic (acute)*toxic (other) irritant corrosive (tissues) sensitizer carcinogen reproductive effects** mutagen + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + SPECIAL HAZARDS environmentradioactive infectious miscellaneous*** - - - - + + + + + n n n n n n n n n n n LEGEND: + : defined category n : defined under other legislation or code - : not defined * : includes oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity ** : includes reproductive and developmental toxicity *** : specific to UN RTDG; included in national transport legislation DEFINITIONS OF DATA COMPONENTS IN LABELS IN DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS COMPONENTS ILO UN RTDG EU USA CANADA FORMAT none defined size of labels varies with transport mode. Minimum label dimensions are defined for different package capacities; contrasted danger symbols and background (black on yellow background); language must be that of the country where the product is put on market. none defined 1. Supplier label:must appear on all controlled products received at work-places; required information must be set aside from sales information; surrounded by WHMIS border; must be printed in contrasting colours; must have all texts in English and French. 2. Workplace label: must appear on all products produced in a workplace or transferred to other containers by the employer; may appear in placard form on products received in bulk. DATA ELEMENTS 1. Trade name2. Chemical identity 3. Supplier identi- fication. 4. Hazard symbols 5. Risk phrases 6. Safety phrases 7. Batch identifica- tion. 8. Reference to ex- isting CSDS. 9. Hazard classifi- cation. not mandated.The UN RTDG label defines hazards by the use of symbols, colours and danger warning words for specific hazards (explosive, radioactive, corrosive, etc.). 1. Chemical identity2. Hazard symbol and indication of danger. 3. Risk phrases 4. Safety phrases 5. Supplier identification (full address and tel. No.). 6. EEC number if allocated 7. the wording "EEC label" where appropriate. 1. Chemical identity2. Supplier identi- fication 3. Appropriate hazard warnings. Employer must ensure that labels and other forms of warning are in English and may add other languages if appropriate. 1. Supplier label:-product identifier -supplier identification. -reference to existing CSDS. -hazard symbols; and for containers over 100 ml: -risk and safety phrases. -first aid measures 2. Workplace label: -product identifier -information for the safe handling of the products -reference to an existing CSDS. -may contain WHMIS hazard symbols or other pictograms. OTHER REQUIREMENTS Legibility, durability and size, uniformity of labels and symbols, including colours.In general, all containers of hazardous chemicals should at least indicate the hazards of the contents through appropriate wording or symbols. Placarding of transport units is defined, including form, minimum size and colour of placards.   ANSI Standard Z-129.1.1988 defines acceptable precautionary phrases and hazard symbols. Chemical name may be replaced by generic name or number in the case of products covered by provisions on exemption for confidential business information. ANNEX 1. Symbols and Indications of Danger Used in the Countries of EU E O Explosive Oxidizing F F+ Highly flammable Extremely flammable T T+ Toxic Very toxic Xn Xi Harmful Irritant C N Corrosive Dangerous for environment ANNEX 2. Risk Phrases Used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. Nature of Special Risks Attributed to Dangerous Substances and Preparations R1 Explosive when dry. R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds. R5 Heating may cause an explosion. R6 Explosive with or without contact with air. R7 May cause fire. R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material. R10 Flammable. R11 Highly flammable. R12 Extremely flammable. (R13 Extremely flammable liquified gas.) R14 Reacts violently with water. R15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases. R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances. R17 Spontaneously flammable in air. R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. R19 May form explosive peroxides. R20 Harmful by inhalation. R21 Harmful in contact with skin. R22 Harmful if swallowed. R23 Toxic by inhalation. R24 Toxic in contact with skin. R25 Toxic if swallowed. R26 Very toxic by inhalation. R27 Very toxic in contact with skin. R28 Very toxic if swallowed. R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gases. R30 Can become highly flammable in use. R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. R33 Danger of cumulative effects. R34 Causes burns. R35 Causes severe burns. R36 Irritating to eyes. R37 Irritating to respiratory system. R38 Irritating to skin. R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects. R40 Possible risks of irreversible effects. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes. R42 May cause sensitization by inhalation. R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact. R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. R45 May cause cancer. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage. (R47 May cause birth defects.) R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. R49 May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 Toxic to flora. R55 Toxic to fauna. R56 Toxic to soil organisms. R57 Toxic to bees. R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 May impair fertility. R61 May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility. R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed Combination of R-Phrases R14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating highly flammable gases. R15/29 Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas. R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R39/26/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation. R40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin. R40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed. R40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. ANNEX 3. Safety Phrases Concerning Dangerous Chemical Substances and Preparations used in the Countries of EU (Phrases in parenthesis) have been deleted and are no longer in use. S1 Keep locked up. S2 Keep out of the reach of children. S3 Keep in a cool place. S4 Keep away from living quarters. S5 Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). S6 Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). S7 Keep container tightly closed. S8 Keep container dry. S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S12 Do not keep container sealed. S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. S14 Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S15 Keep away from heat. S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S17 Keep away from combustible material. S18 Handle and open container with care. S20 When using do not eat or drink. S21 When using do not smoke. S22 Do not breathe dust. S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S24 Avoid contact with skin. S25 Avoid contact with eyes. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29 Do not empty into drains. S30 Never add water to this product. S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. (S34 Avoid shock and friction.) S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S36 Wear suitable protective clothing. S37 Wear suitable gloves. S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. S39 Wear eye/face protection. S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S41 In case of fire and/or explosion, do not breathe fumes. S42 During fumigation/spraying, wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). S43 In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk, add - Never use water). (S44 If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).) S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S48 Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). S49 Keep only in the original container. S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). S51 Use only in well-ventilated areas. S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. (S54 Obtain the consent of pollution control authorities before discharging to wastewater treatment plants.) (S55 Treat using the best available techniques before discharge into drains or the aquatic environment.) S56 Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. S57 Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. (S58 To be disposed of as hazardous waste.) S59 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. S62 If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.         Combination of S-Phrases     S1/2 Keep locked up and out of reach of children. S3/7 Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. (S3/9 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place.) (S3/7/9 Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.) S3/9/14 Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S3/9/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. S3/9/14/49   S3/14 Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry. S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. S20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/39 Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S36/37/39   S47/49 Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ...C° (to be specified by the manufacturer). S7/47 Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ...0C (to be specified by the manufacturer). S29/56 Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. ANNEX 4. List of Substances with Risk and Safety Phrases Used in the Countries of EU MEANING OF NOTES A - G Note A Where a substance is listed under a generic name (e.g. `...compounds' or `...salts') the correct chemical name should be stated on the label. For example for BeCl2: Beryllium chloride Note B Some substances (acids, bases, etc.) are placed on the market in aqueous solutions at various concentrations and therefore require different labelling since hazards vary at different concentrations. The entries with Note B have a general designation of the type `...% Nitric acid'. The actual concentration of the solution is stated on the label: `45% Nitric acid.Percentages always refer to weight ratio, unless otherwise stated. Additional data (e.g. specific gravity, Baumé values) or descriptions (e.g. glacial, fuming) are permitted. Note C Some organic substances may be in a specific isomeric form or as a mixture of isomers with a general designation. In this case the label states clearly whether the substance is a specific isomer or a mixture of isomers. For example `Xylene' is specified: `o-Xylene' or `Xylene, m Note D Some substances which polymerize readily or decompose spontaneously are normally placed on the market in a stabilized form. However, such substances are sometimes placed on the market in a non-stabilized form. This must be stated on the label with the name of the substance: Methacrylic acid (non-stabilized)'. Note E Substances with specific effects on human health (classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction) if they are also classified as `Very toxic (T+)', `Toxic (T)' or `Harmful (Xn)'. The word also shall precede the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28 when in a combination, for example:R45-23: May cause cancer. Also toxic by inhalation R46-27/28: May cause heritable genetic damage. Also very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. Note F The substance may contain a stabilizer. If the stabilizer changes the hazardous properties of the substance as listed, a label must be compiled in accordance with rules for the resulting hazardous preparations. Note G The substance may be marketed in an explosive form in which case it must be assessed using the appropriate test methods and the label should reflect its explosive property.   ANNEX 5. IARC List of Cancer Causing Chemicals WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER LISTS OF IARC EVALUATIONS ACCORDING TO IARC MONOGRAPHS IARC, Lyon 1993 `Occupational sources' column edited by IPCS, Geneva, 1993 Any comments related to the IARC Monographs should be sent to Dr. H. Vainio, Chief Unit of Carcinogen Identification and Evaluation, International Agency for Research on Cancer Address: 150 cours Albert Thomas 69372 Lyon Cedex 08 France Group 1 The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being probably carcinogenic to humans. Group 2B The agents and industrial processes which have been evaluated by IARC Monographs Programme as being possibly carcinogenic to humans. Group 1: CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Aflatoxins (1993)a 1402-68-2 Feedstuff contaminants, mycotoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl 92-67-1 Rubber manufacture Arsenic and arsenic compoundsb 7440-38-2 Drug, pesticide Asbestos 1332-21-4 Roofing, friction material Azathioprine 446-86-6 Drug Benzene 71-43-2 Solvent, raw material Benzidine 92-87-5 Raw material, impurity Beryllium and beryllium compoundsd 7440-41-7 Raw material, electronics industry N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (Chlornaphazine) 494-03-1 Drug Bis(chloromethyl)ether and 542-88-1 Laboratory chemical chloromethyl methyl ether (technical-grade) 107-30-2   1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Myleran) 55-98-1 Antineoplastic agent Cadmium and cadmium compoundsd 7440-43-9 Raw material Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Antineoplastic agent 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1- nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) 13909-09-6 Antineoplastic agent Chromium(VI) compounds (1990)   Pigment manufacturing Ciclosporin (1990) 79217-60-0 Drug Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Antineoplastic agent Diethylstilboestrol 56-53-1 Drug Erionite 66733-21-9 Natural mineral fibre Melphalan 148-82-3 Antineoplastic agent 8-Methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen) plus ultraviolet radiation 298-81-7 Dermatological drug MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents   Antineoplastic agents Mustard gas (Sulfur mustard) 505-60-2 War gas 2-Naphthylamine 91-59-8 Dye manufacturing Nickel compounds (1990)   Pigment, batteries, impurity Oestrogen replacement therapy   Hormones Oestrogens, nonsteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oestrogens, oesteroidalb   Hormones, pharmaceutical industry Oral contraceptives, combinedc   Hormones Oral contraceptives, sequential   Hormones Radon and its decay products (1988) 10043-92-2 Mining Solar radiation (1992)     Talc containing asbest-form fibres   Extenders in paints and ceramic products Thiotepa (1990) 52-24-4 Antineoplastic agent Treosulfan 299-75-2 Antineoplastic agent Vinyl chloride (monomer) 75-01-4 Plastic industry Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Alcoholic beverages (1988)     Analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin   Drugs Betel quid with tobacco     Coal-tar pitches 65996-93-2 Raw material Coal-tars 8007-45-2 Drug, raw material Mineral oils, untreated and mildly treated   Use of crude oil distillates Salted fish (Chinese-style) (1993)     Shale-oils 68308-34-9   Soots     Tobacco products, smokeless     Tobacco smoke     Group 2 A: PROBABLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 Raw material Adriamycind 23214-92-8 Antineoplastic agent Androgenic (anabolic) steroids   Drugs Azacitidine (1990)d 320-67-2 Antineoplastic agent Benz[a]anthracened 56-55-3 Impurity Benzidine-based dyesd   Dyes Benzo[a]pyrened 50-32-8 Impurity Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) 154-93-8 Antineoplastic agent 1,3-Butadiene (1992) 106-9-90 Manufacture of synthetic rubber Captafol (1991)d 2425-06-1 Fungicides, pesticides /1.,pp.927-1616/ Chloramphenicol (1990)d 56-75-7 Antibiotics 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-     1-nitrosourea (CCNU)d 13010-47-4 Antineoplastic agent para-Chloro-ortho-toluidine and     its strong acid salts (1990)d 95-69-2 Synthesis of organic dyestuffs Chlorozotocin (1990)d 54749-90-5 Antineoplastic agent Cisplatind 15663-27-1 Antineoplastic agent Dibenz[a,h]anthracened 53-70-3 Coal-tar Diethyl sulfate (1992)d 64-67-5 Raw material, laboratories Dimethylcarbamoyl chlorided 79-44-7 Laboratories Dimethyl sulfated 77-78-1 Raw material, laboratories Epichlorohydrind 106-89-8 Epoxyresin products, raw material, laboratories Ethylene dibromided 106-93-4 Soil fumigant, leaded gasoline Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 Pesticide, intermediate N-Ethyl-N-nitrosouread 759-73-9 Laboratory synthesis of diazoethane Formaldehyde 50-00-0 Preservative, disinfectant, textile, wood/timber industry, raw material IQd (2-Amino-3-methylimid-     azo[4,5-f]-quinoline) (1993) 76180-96-6 Grilled fish and meat 5-Methoxypsoralend 484-20-8 Dermatological agent 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)     (MOCA) (1993)101-14-4   Polyurethane industry, curing agent N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)d 70-25-7 Laboratory agent N-Methyl-N-nitrosouread 684-93-5 Laboratory synthesis of diazomethane Nitrogen mustard 51-75-2 Basis for some antineoplastic agents N-Nitrosodiethylamined 55-18-5 Laboratories N-Nitrosodimethylamined 62-75-9 Laboratories, pollutant Phenacetin 62-44-2 Drug Procarbazine hydrochlorided 366-70-1 Antineoplastic agent Propylene oxided 75-56-9 Production of propylene glycol Silica, crystalline 14808-60-7 Ceramic industry Styrene oxide 96-09-3 Epoxy resin additive Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate 126-72-7   Ultraviolet radiation A (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation B (1992)d   Solar radiation Ultraviolet radiation C (1992)d   Welding operation, laser Vinyl bromided 593-60-2 As an intermediate in organic synthesis, manufacture of polymers Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Creosotes 8001-58-9 Wood preservative for roofing Diesel engine exhaust (1989)     Hot mate (1991)   Beverage Non-arsenical insecticides, spraying and     Occupational exposures in application of (1991)     Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 1336-36-3 Limited application in capacitors Group 2B: POSSIBLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS Substances Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources A-a-C; (2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 26148-68-5 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 Manufacture of acetic acid and ethyl acetate Acetamide 60-35-5 As a solvent for organic compounds, plasticizer Acrylamide 79-06-1 Manufacture of acrylamide polymers AF-2;[2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide] 3688-53-7 Ex-food preservative Aflatoxin M1 (1993) 6795-23-9 Found in the milk cows fed toxic meals para-Aminoazobenzene 60-09-3 Dyes ortho-Aminoazotoluene 97-56-3 Dyes 2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 712-68-5 Drug Amitrole 61-82-5 Herbicide ortho-Anisidine 90-04-0 Laboratories Antimony trioxide (1989) 1309-64-4 Tartar emetic, paint pigment AramiteR 140-57-8 Pesticide Atrazine (1991) 1912-24-9 Herbicide Auramine (technical-grade) 492-80-8 Dye manufacture Azaserine 115-02-6 Antineoplastic agent Benzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 Impurity Benzo[j]fluoranthene 205-82-3 Impurity Benzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 Impurity Benzyl violet 4B 1694-09-3 Textile dye Bleomycinse 11056-06-7 Antineoplastic drug Bracken fern     Bromodichloromethane (1991) 75-27-4 Intermediate solvent Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) 25013-16-5 Food additive ß--Butyrolactone 3068-88-0 Laboratories Caffeic acid (1993) 331-39-5 Constituent of plants Carbon-black extracts   Manufacture of natural and synthetic rubber Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 Solvent, raw material Ceramic fibres (1988)   Use in manufacture of paper felts, furnace Chlordane (1991) 57-74-9 Pesticide Chlordecone (Kepone) 143-50-0 Pesticide Chlorendic acid (1990) 115-28-6 Chemical intermediate in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins a-Chlorinated toluenes   Intermediates para-Chloroaniline (1993) 106-47-8 Dye industry Chloroform 67-66-3 Solvent, raw material Chlorophenols   Fungicides, bactericides Chlorophenoxy herbicides   Herbicides 4-Chloro-ortho-phenylenediamine 95-83-0 Hair-dye component CI Acid Red 114 (1993) 6459-94-5 Dye CI Basic Red 9 (1993) 569-61-9 Dye CI Direct Blue 15 (1993) 2429-74-5 Dye Citrus Red No. 2 (CI 12156) 6358-53-8 Dye Cobalt and cobalt compounds (1991) 7440-48-4 Manufacture of magnets para-Cresidine 120-71-8 Dye manufacturing Cycasin 14901-08-7 Naturally occurring toxin, seeds, roots and leaves of cycad plants Dacarbazine 4342-03-4 Antineoplastic drug Dantron     (Chrysazin; 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) (1990) 117-10-2 Drug Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Antineoplastic agent DDT (para,para'-DDT) (1991) 50-29-3 Pesticide N,N'-Diacetylbenzidine 613-35-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminoanisole 615-05-4 Dye manufacturing, hair dye 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether 101-80-4 Dye manufacturing 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95-80-7 Dye manufacturing, raw material, hair dye Dibenz[a,h]acridine 226-36-8 Pollutant Dibenz[a,j]acridine 224-42-0 Pollutant 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 194-59-2 Tobacco smoke Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene 192-65-4 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene 189-64-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 189-55-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene 191-30-0 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 Pesticide para-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 Fumigants, insecticides 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1 Raw material, dye manufacturing 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 28434-86-8 Dye, raw material 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 Solvent, raw material Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 75-09-2 Solvent 1,3-Dichloropropene (technical-grade) 542-75-6 Pesticides Dichlorvos (1991) 62-73-7 Pesticide Diepoxybutane 1464-53-5 Raw material, laboratories Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 Plastic industry 1,2-Diethylhydrazine 1615-80-1 Laboratory chemical Diglycidyl resorcinol ether 101-90-6 Epoxy resin, aircraft equipment industry Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Chemical intermediate for manufacture of piperonyl butoxide Diisopropyl sulfate (1992) 2973-10-6 Manufacturing of isopropanol 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (ortho-Dianisidine) 119-90-4 Dye, laboratories para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 60-11-7 Dye, laboratories trans-2-[(Dimethylamino)methylimino]-5-[2-(5-nitro-     2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole 25962-77-0 Limited usage as a pharmaceutical 2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine) (1993) 87-62-7 Synthesis of other chemicals 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine (ortho-Tolidine) 119-93-7 Dye, laboratories Dimethylformamide (1989) 68-12-2 Solvent for liquids and organic compounds 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 57-14-7 Rocket fuel formulations, chemical synthesis 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine 540-73-8 Chemical intermediate 1,6-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-64-8 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,8-Dinitropyrene (1989) 42397-65-9 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 Raw material, solvent Disperse Blue 1 (1990) 2475-45-8 Dye, hair dye Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 As a component of solution for coating textiles, paper and leather Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 Raw material, laboratories, rubber industry Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Laboratories 2-(2-Formylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole 3570-75-0 No use Glasswool (1988)     Glu-P-1 (2-Amino-6-     methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-11-4 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glu-P-2 (2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole) 67730-10-3 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Glycidaldehyde 765-34-4 Acrolein metabolite Griseofulvin 126-07-8 Antibiotic drug, veterinary medicine HC Blue No. 1 (1993) 2784-94-3 Hair dye Heptachlor (1991) 76-44-8 Pesticide Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 Fungicide Hexachlorocyclohexanes   Pesticide Hexamethylphosphoramide 680-31-9 Solvent Hydrazine 302-01-2 Raw material Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 193-39-5 Tobacco smoke, inhalation of polluted air Iron-dextran complex 9004-66-4 Drug Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Used medicinally as an emetic and in the treatment of snake bites Lead [7439-92-1] and lead compounds, inorganic Manufacture of pipes, cable sheating /1.,p.1200/   Magenta (containing CI Basic Red 9) (1993) 632-99-5 Dyes and dyestuff MeA-a-C (2-Amino-3-methyl-     9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole) 68006-83-7 Grilled food, tobacco smoke Medroxyprogesterone acetate 71-58-9 Hormones, pharmaceutical industry MeIQ (1993)     (2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) 77094-11-2 Grilled beef and fish MeIQx (1993)     (2-Amino 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) 77500-04-0 Fried fish and beef Merphalan 531-76-0 Antineoplastic agent 2-Methylaziridine 75-55-8 Intermediate Methylazoxymethanol acetate 592-62-1 Cancer research 5-Methylchrysene 3697-24-3 Diesel and gasoline engine exhaust fumes 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) 838-88-0 Dye manufacture 4,4'-Methylenedianiline     (4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane) 101-77-9 Production of isocyanates and polyisocyanates Methylmercury compounds (1993)     Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Produced for research purposes 2-Methyl-1-nitroanthraquinone (uncertain purity) 129-15-7 Dye intermediate N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane 615-53-2 Laboratory chemical Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Antineoplastic agent Metronidazole 443-48-1 Drug Mirex 2385-85-5 Pesticides Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Antineoplastic agent Monocrotaline 315-22-0 Consumptions of extracts of crotalaria species as bush teas 5-(Morpholinomethyl)-     3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone 3795-88-8 Former drug Nafenopin 3771-19-5 Drug Nickel, metallic (1990) 7440-02-0 Manufacture of acid-resisting and magnetic alloys Nitridazole 61-57-4 Drug Nitrilotriacetic acid and its salts (1990) 139-13-9 Softener in cleaning agents and phosphate substitute in detergents 5-Nitroacenaphthene 602-87-9 Diesel exhaust 6-Nitrochrysene (1989) 7496-02-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes Nitrofen, technical-grade 1836-75-5 Herbicide 2-Nitrofluorene (1989) 607-57-8 Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust fumes 1-[(5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-imidazolidinone 555-84-0 Former drug N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide 531-82-8 Analgesics, anti-inflammatory agent Nitrogen mustard N-oxide 126-85-2 Intermediate in production of antineoplastic drugs 2-Nitropropane 79-46-9 Use in vinyl epoxy paints, printing inks, adhesives 1-Nitropyrene (1989) 5522-43-0 Diesel engine exhaust fumes 4-Nitropyrene (1989) 57835-92-4 Laboratory chemical N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3   N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 Isolated from cosmetic products N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 621-64-7 Isolated in some pesticides 3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile 60153-49-3 Constitutent of betel nut 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone     (NNK) 64091-91-4 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine 4549-40-0 Apple brandy N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 Rubber industry N'-Nitrosonornicotine 16543-55-8 Tobacco smoke N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 Fried meat and fish, rubber N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 Tobacco smoke, fried meat and fish N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 Fried meat Ochratoxin A (1993) 303-47-9 Mycotoxin Oil Orange SS 2646-17-5 Dye Panfuran S, containing dihydroxymethylfuratrizine 794-93-4 Drug Pentachlorophenol (1991) 87-86-5 Pesticide Phenazopyridine hydrochloride 136-40-3 Drug Phenobarbital 50-06-6 Drug Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride 63-92-3 Drug Phenyl glycidyl ether (1989) 122-60-1 Epoxy compounds Phenytoin 57-41-0 Drug PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-     6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) (1993) 105650-23-5 Cooked food, tobacco smoke Ponceau MX 3761-53-3 Dye Ponceau 3R 3564-09-8 Dye Potassium bromate 7758-01-2 Flour milling industries as additive to improve baking properties Progestins   Drugs 1,3-Propane sultone 1120-71-4 Sulfopropylation of organic compounds ß-Propiolactone 57-57-8 Used in organic synthesis, vapour sterilizer, disinfectant Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Antineoplastic agent Rockwool (1988)     Saccharin 81-07-2 Artificial sweeteners Safrole 94-59-7 Parfumery, soaps, flavouring agent in drugs Slagwool (1988)     Sodium ortho-phenylphenate 132-27-4 Fungicide Sterigmatocystin 10048-13-2 Mycotoxin Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Drug Styrenee 100-42-5 Solvent, raw material Sulfallate 95-06-7 Herbicide 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) 1746-01-6 By-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 Dry cleaning Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Use as an analytical reagent in the laboratory 4,4'-Thiodianiline 139-65-1 Dye intermediate Thiourea 62-56-6 Photocopying, raw material Toluene diisocyanates 26471-62-5 Manufacture of elastomers of polyuretane ortho-Toluidine 95-53-4 Dye Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride) (1990) 817-09-4 Antineoplastic agent Trp-P-1     (3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-06-0 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trp-P-2     (3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) 62450-07-1 Charred fraction of cooked fish and meat Trypan blue 72-57-1 Dye Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Antineoplastic agent Urethane 51-79-6 Raw material Mixtures Agent/Industrial process CAS Number Occupational sources Bitumens, extracts of steam-refined and air-refined 8052-42-4   Carrageenan, degraded 9000-07-1 Food additive Chlorinated paraffins of average carbon chain length C12     and average degree of chlorination approximately 60% (1990)     Coffee (urinary bladder) (1991)     Diesel fuel, marinee (1989)     Engine exhaust, gasoline (1989)     Fuel oils, residual (heavy) (1989)     Gasolinee (1989)     Pickled vegetables (traditional in Asia) (1993)     Polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6) 59536-65-1 Flame retardant Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes) 8001-35-2 Pesticide Toxins derived from Fusarium moniliforme (1993)   Mycotoxins Welding fumes (1990)     ANNEX 6. List of chemicals banned or severely restricted to certain uses owing to their effects on health and the environment in the countries of EU Chemical CAS Number Use category Use limitation MERCURIC OXIDE 21908-53-2 P SR MERCUROUS CHLORIDE 10112-91-1 P SR OTHER INORGANIC MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALKYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P SR ALKOXYALKYL AND ARYL MERCURY COMPOUNDS   P B ALDRIN 309-00-2 P SR CHLORDANE 57-74-9 P B DIELDRIN 60-57-1 P B DDT 50-29-3 P B ENDRIN 72-20-8 P SR HCH (contains < 99% gamma isomer) 608-73-1 P B HEPTACHLOR 74-44-8 P B HEXACHLOROBENZENE 118-74-1 P B CAMPHECHLOR (TOXAPHENE) 8001-35-2 P B POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB), except MONO- and DICHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 1336-36-3 I B POLYCHLORINATED TERPHENYLS (PCT) 61788-33-8 I B PREPARATIONS with a PCB or PCT content higher than 0.01% by weight   I B TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) PHOSPHATE 126-72-7 I SR TRIS-AZIRIDINYL-PHOSPHIOXIDE 545-55-1 I SR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBB) CROCIDOLITE 12001-28-4 I SR NITROFEN 1836-75-5 P B 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE 106-93-4 P B 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE 107-06-2 P B AMOSITE 12172-73-5   B ANTHOPHYLLITE ASBESTOS 77536-67-5   B ACTINOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-66-4   B TREMOLITE ASBESTOS 77536-68-6   B CADMIUM and its compounds 7440-43-9   R 2-NAPHTYLAMINE and its salts 91-59-8   B 4-AMINOPHENYL and its salts 92-67-1   B BENZIDINE and its salts 92-87-5   B 4-NITROPHENYL 92-93-3   B LEGEND: Use category: P: plant-protection product I: industrial chemical Use limitation: SR: severe restriction B: ban R: restrictions Continue to Annex VII

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